152 



TOTIPALMATK SWIMMKIIH — STKOANOI'ODKS. 





in Pacific coiwt exntiipli'« ; hih-i'Iiiiciim from tlie intfrior of tiii! coiitiiifiil imviiij,' tlic tufts mixed 

 black nnd white. Tiie (lUcHiion of wlietluT a subsiH'cics yjonWaHii* ulioiiM liu reco^nizwl involves 

 tliu ('X|ietliency of rcco^'iii/iii^' a fotirtli racn in the resident liird of the Caliiorniau (in(diidin^' the 

 Lower Californian) eoant, wliich ililferH from tiiu true /'. cincinnatHx of the nortiieni Pacific coasi 

 in exactly the mnns characters that diHlinguiHh tlic Ho-cutled Jhiriilanu» from dilnjihus |)ro|ier ; 

 i. e., in Hinaller Hi/.e, with relatively weaker bill, the difference in the two cases bein^ ai)iiarentl\ 

 j;rcatcr in the case of the western forms. Ke^ardin^ the small Californian binl with white crests 

 as being much more entitled to recognition as a race than Jloridanus, Mr. Ilidgway has already 

 Heparatol it as such under the name of nlhociliatua. 



The following measurements of specimens from vario.. localities will convey an idea of the 

 geographical variation in size in this species : — 



b. Ten sjiecimcns frmn Floriila. 



WiiiK. Tail. Ciilmon. 



Mnxiiniiiii, I'i.r.O 7.75 2.40 



Avenigo, 11.77 7.00 2.17 



Minimum, 11.20 6.S0 2.00 



d. Two specimens from Great Sail lM.ke, Utah. 



a. Five specimens from Nortlieastem KoHh America, 



Wing. Tall. Ciilmcn. 



Maximum, 12.90 7.50 2.45 



Avcmgp, 12.46 7.15 2.38 



Minimum, 12.20 6.50 2.10 



e. Six specimens from Southern Illinoii and Iowa. 



Wing. Tail. Ciilriien. 



Maximum, 13.00 8.00 2.35 



Averngc, 12.34 7.29 2.10 



Minimum, 12.00 7.00 2.00 



e. Twelve s]>ecimens from cna.it of California and f. Seven sjycimcns from Northvrsl coast (incltuUiuj 



C'lilnii'ii. 



2. .in 



2.40 

 2.25 



III 



The above figures would of course be somewhat changed were an equal number of specimens 

 from each region measured. The general result, however, would in all probability be the same, 

 showing a gradual diminution in size to the soutliwanl. 



The Double-crested Cormorant is an exclusively North American species; it is 

 found botli on the Atlantic and on the Pacific coast, and is also not uncommon on our 

 inland waters ; differing essentially in this respect from the carbo. Mr. Bernard Koss 

 met with it in the neighborhood of Great Slave Lake, where he saw no other form 

 of Cormorant. Two examj-les were obtained at Sitka by Mr. Bischoff. It was also 

 found on Vancouver Island by Mr. R. Browne. It is an unsuspicious species, and 

 may be easily approached and shot. 



Dr. Cooper describes this species as common along the Pacific coast y and, as he .also 

 states, he has met with it on the Colorado, in small numbers, in winter — although, 

 like all other fishing birds, the Cormorant inclines to avoid that river, on account of tlu' 

 rauddiness of its waters. This bird is said to be a permanent resident along thi> 

 whole of the Pacific coast ; and north of the Columbia River it is found on clear 



♦, .i ani 



