156 



TOTIPALMATE SWIMMERS — STEGANOPODES. 



Phalacrocorax lacuslris, Cundl. MSS. (Lawuknce.) 



Phtthwroconua rcsplcndeiis, Lkmb. Avoh Jo Cuba. (Adult; not of Auduihjn.) 



P/uilacrucorax Toiviisciulii, LEMii. t. c. (Young ; not of Audubon.) 



Hab. Mexico, Cubti, and Southern United States, north, in the Mississippi Valley, to Kansas 

 and Southern Illinois, south to Honduras. 



Si". Char. Smallest American species of the genus. Tail-feathers, 12. Bill moderately robust, 

 the unguis arched and strongly hooked, the culnieii slightly concave in the middle portion, and 

 gently ascending basally. Bare skin of the face extending farthest back on the side of the head, 

 fonning (piite an angle behind the rictus; featliers of the throat advancing forwaitl to a li'le ante- 

 rior to the rictus, the middle portion sometimes sliglitly indenteil by an obtuse angle of the naked 

 skin of the gular sac. Scapulars and wing-coverts rather narrow and tapering, and nearly or ipiite 

 pointed. Adult (iii, full breedimj-plnnuuje !) : Oular sac bordered posteriorly by a line of white 

 reaching upward nearly or quite to the eye. Head, neck, rump, and entire lower parts deep silky 



It 



brownish black, with a very faint puqilish-brown glow's in some lights ; back, scapulars, and wings 

 dark brownish- slaty, each feather narrowly bonlered with, black ; ]iriniaries slate-black ; t.iil uni- 

 form deep dull black, the shafts black. Superciliary region, sides of tiie neck, antl anal region 

 ornamented by a few short and narrow white tilamentous featliers. Bill liglit colored (in skin), 

 mottlml with darker, the culmen dusky ; gular sac brownish (orange-nid in lile ?) ; iris green ; legs 

 and feet deep black. Adnll, in rnintcr : Similar to the alun-e, but without the white filaments. 

 Youiig, first iiliaruige : Hi:ad, neck, and lower parts grayish umber-brown, In^coming gnulually 

 darker, or nearly black, on the najM;, sidi's, flanks, anal R'gioii, anil crissum, and whitish on tlic 

 upper part of the throat, ne.\t the gular jwuch. U)>per ])arts as in the adult. " Iris green ; bill 

 »lark fleshy, culnwn and upper part of lower mandible dusky ; gular sac brownish ; feet deep 

 black" (Sl'MIChr^vst, MS). Yrung, in winter : Similar to the above, but throat, foreneck, jugu- 

 lum, and breast nmch lighter colored — sometinu-s almost white. 



Total length, 23.00-28.75 inches ; extent, 3rt.(«l-42.7.") ; wing, 0.05-1O.4O ; tail, 0.75-8.30 ; 

 culmen, 1.70-2.00; fcirsus, 1.85-2.10; middle toe, 2.l5-2.8,'>. 



This species does not in the least resemble the South American P. brasilianiu,^ which occurs as 



' PHALACnoCOBAX BRASILIANUS. 



Procellaria brnsitiana, Omel. 8, N. I. ii. 1788, 564 (based on Puffimts brasilianus, Briss. Om. 



VI. 1760, 138, sp. 4). 

 Haliccus brmiliivuui, Lkiit. Vorz. Doubl. 1823, 8(5, 908. 

 Oraculns brasilianus, OiiAV, Ocn. B. 

 Carbo bradlianm, Srix, Av. Bros. II. 1824, t. 106. 

 Zariimagullon negro, AzAitA, Apiuit. III. ISO,*), 30.5, 423. 

 Pchmnus vigm, Vikim- Knc. Mcth. I. 1823, 342. 

 "Phalacrocorax grnculns, Ooiii.n, B. Eur. t. 408" (Stiiekis). 

 Phalacrocorax niger, Ki.no, ZooI. Jnurn. IV. 1828, 101, sp. 68 

 Carbo myatacalis. Less. Tniite, 1831, 604. 



