250 



LONG-WINGED SWIMMERS — LONGIPENNES. 



Lams canua 



THE MSW OUIL. 



Lams cnmis, Linn. S. N. cd, 10, 1. 1758, 136; ed. 12, I. ITOti, 224. — SiiAiti-E & Duksseii, B. Kiir. 



l)t. xvii. (1873). — Saunders, P. Z. S. 1878, 177. — ItiDuw. Noiii. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 071. — 



CouE.s, 2(1 Check List, 1882, uo. 77i). 

 Larus cnnii.i, a. eiinus, C'oi'Es, B. N. W. 1874, 038. 

 Larus cineiriis, Sciii'. Ann. i. Hist. Nat. 1769, 80. 

 Larus hybcniiui, Omki,. S. X. L ii. 1788, 596. 

 Larus pruccllosus, Bech.st. Orn. Tascli. 1802, 373. 

 Larus cijanorhijnchus, Meyeu, Tiiseh. Viig. Dnutschl. IL 1810, 480. 

 Luroidcs caiicsceiis, Bkeii.m, Viig. Deutsehl. 1831, 753. 

 Larus canus, var. vinjor, Middend. Sibir. Hciso, IL 1853, 243. 

 Larus Ileinei, HoMEYER, Nauni. 1853, 129. 



Larus (Glaucus) htchrymosus, "LicilT.," Bruch, J. f. O. 1853, 102. 

 Larus Mawaroisis (part), I'orEs, Pr. Ae. Xat. Soi. Piiilad. 1861, 246 (Labrador). 

 Larus Auduuini, Tristram, Ibis, 1868, 330 (not of Payu. 1820). 



4 



Had. Pala;arctic Region ; accidental or casual in Labrador. 



Sp. Char. Adult, in suvimer: Mantle pale a.sliy blue (intermediate in sliade between that 

 of L. cachinnans and L. argvntatun), the secondaries and tertials broadly, but not abruptly, wliile 

 terminally. Outer primary black, with a white Kubterminal space, including both web.t and the 

 shaft, of about 2.(H)-2.25 inches in length ; second (luill similar, but the white space smaller (aluMt 

 1.00-1.25 inches in length), the base of the feather more distinctly slaty ; third u.sually* without 

 any white, except at the tip, the basal portion abruptly bluish gray ; fourth, similar, Init the blui>li 

 gray occupying about the basal half of e.\pose<l portion of the (|uill, and inoi-e sharply delincil 

 against the black ; fifth grayi.sli blue, tipped with white, and with a large subterininal sjiacc of 

 black, an inch or more in length (running anteriorly along the edges for about .1') of an inch, the 

 pale bluish almost or (juite white where joining the anterior border of the black on inner web ; 

 sixth quill with a ni'ich smaller (about .50 wide) subterminal black bar ; remaining iiuills grayi>li 

 blue, passing into white terminally. Remainder of the plumage snow-white. Bill greenish oliva- 

 ceous (in skin — greenish yellow in life), the terminal third yellow ; iris grayish brown ; eyelids 

 verniilioii-red ; legs and feet yellow i.sh green.* Adult, in winter: Similar, but occiput and \m\\v 

 longii'i.linally iiixitted with grayish brown. Youmj, Jtrat phinuuje (No. 18221, Henley Harbor, Liil- 

 rador, ..^".g. 21 ; E. C"ol'e») : Above, grayish brown, the feathers irregularly but broadly bordtiiMJ 

 with pale dull buff; greater wing-coverts and secondaries pale bluish gray, bordered with \':\h 

 bull', and with a subterminal border of brownish dusky ; tertials grayish brown, bordered wiili 

 buHy white ; primary coverts and primaries dusky black, very narrowly tipptsl with white ; rump 

 and upper tail-coverts white, marked with irregular sagittate spots of browni.sh dusky ; biu<al two- 

 thirds of the tail bluish white (fading into pure white basidly) ; terminal portion dusky, narmwlv 

 tipped with white, the grayish white of the lateral feathers finely mottled with dusky posli^riiiilv. 

 Lower parts grayish white, the Jugulum and sides thickly spotted with light grayish brown. " Hill 

 white, tip black ; mouth white ; legs dusky white" (MS. on label). 



Wing, 14.(M»-14.50 (average, 14.23) inches ; culmen, LSn-Lfii) (1.60) ; depth of bill lliroii;;h 

 angle, .45-.50 (.47); tarsus, 1.90-2.25 (2.03) ; middle toe, 1.35-1.45 (1.3!)). (Five specimens.) 



1 In some examples — prolmbly very old birds — there is a rouiuli.sh siiot of wbito on the inner \m li 

 about 1.50 inches from the tip of the feather. ' 



• The fresh coloin of the soft parts in this sjH'cies are given by Macgillivray ns follows ; Adult iimlf, 

 in summer; "The bill is groeni.sh yellow, purer toward the end; the margins of the eyelids verniilinii. 

 Young : The bill is black, at the base livid flesh-color ; the iris dusky ; the edges of the eyelids brown ; 

 the feot flesh-color, tinged with yellow." Adult male, in winter: "The bill is of a uniform grayi^li- 

 green tint, shaded at the end with ochre-yellow ; the basid margins nnd mouth omiige ; the edges of the 

 eyelids dull reddish ; the iris brown. The feet deep greenish-gray ; the claws black." Voung, in second 

 winter : " Pill yellnwi^li green, with the end dusky ; feet livid yellowish green." 



