1 



LARID-E — THE UULL8 AND TERNS — XEMA. 



26U 



Genus ZEMA, LEArii. 



Xfinii, " liF.Arii," Ross's Voy. Ajift. 181!>, j). Ivii (tyiH', L(ni.i Subiiiri, Sad.). 

 !! Ciriiijrii.1, lio.NAr. Nuiiin. 1854, 213 (tyiio, Lirusfiuxalun, Nkiioix). 



Char. Size Piimll or lui'iUum ; tail fmkuil ; tarsus fiiual to nr latlier sliortcr tliaii tlic middle 

 toe, witli claw ; adult with u dark IiockI, the {iluinaj^'e otherwise pearl-j^ray ahove aiitl white 

 heueath. 



It is very doubtful whether the htrnxfHrmhaf, NkuoL'X, should lie referred to th(! ^enus Xnwi. 

 Mr. Salviu, wiio lias had tiie ojijiortuiiity of e.x.'iuiiiiiii^' a s|)eeiuieii, remarks as follows ou this 

 iliiestiou : '^Vrmgrut, an ii geiiu.s, diOew Init .sli^ditly from Xcma, both huviiig a deeply forked tail. 



X. SMni, .iiiminrr mliitt. 



Tlu! foriuer, however, is a more robust form, aiid has the nostril situatetl rather nearer the point of 

 the bill. In coloration, Crnuinix wants the lilack rinj; wliirh encircles the IicmhI of Xtimi. I 

 (liiubt whether in a wi'll-considere<l ehissificatiou of the /.miilir the two j,'eiieia could be maintained 

 (W<lislinct" (Trans. Z(m>1. Soc. Loud. IX. ISTfi, \>. TilMi). It iiii',dit also have lu'en added, that the 

 tail of Crcatjrus is much more deeply forked, and that the coloration of the bill ami feet is radically 

 (liircient. 



Assuming', however, that they may lie n^ferred to the same j^enu.s, their dilferentiul characters 

 ni;iy lie staled as follows : — 



1. X. BabinL Winj;. ll.(K) inches or less ; tail .sli';htl\ forked ; hood pi mubcons, bounded 



below by a well-defmed black collar ; bill black, tipped with yellow ; leel black. Huh. 



Circumpolar Re^'ions. 

 •X X. furcata. Win;;, Ki.iKi inches or more ; tail deeply forked ; hood sooty black, with 



awhile frontal bar, but no dark cidlar ; bill and feet red. Ihth. <!alapaj,'os ; coast of 



Peru I coast of California (?)• 



Zema Sabini. 



THE FOHK-TAILED OULL. 



Lnnis Siihim, .J. Sapixf, Tr. I.inn. S<h<. XII. 1818, ri20, pi. 20. 



J.nni.i Sdbinii, Kini. App. Piiny's 2a Voy. ISi.l, ;ifiO. - .S\v. k IJicil. F. R A. II. 18:11. 428 — 



N'lTT. Man. II. 1S34, 2V>r>. - Aid. Orii. IHor. III. 183r., .ItU, pi. '.'S:. ; Synop. 183it, 323 ; B. 



Am. VII. 1844, 127, pi. 441. 

 Xcma Niiliiiii, Knw. k nKvr.iti.KV, App. 1,'oss's Voy. Hiif. Hiiy, 4to cd. 181'.>, Ivii. 

 Larus {Xntui) Sabini, Unit h, ,1. f. (). 1853, 103. 



