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•OOLOPAciIi.K 



TIIK SMI'K lAMII.V TltrNGA. 



213 



i{(< vt'iitiirrN the i)|iiiiiiiii licit it (nciirs in Finlaiiil aii<l in tlic iiiirtlii'iistcni |iiirts, iih 



it woins to nmk«' its HrHt apiit'iiiiin n the ciiHlt'i'ii ciMist of Sciiniliniiviii. Wlicrl. 



wri^'lit HtnU'H tliiit it wiiH only sfcii liy liii.i in tlu' Nimtii of Scamlinuviii timing tiM> 



lii'riiiils lit' its niiK'ratiniiM, ami lir roiilil learn nuthin^,' in ii'l't'ii'iH't' to its in' lin^j. IIi' 



iTCfivcd its I'K^s Ironi (iiffnland, and dcscrlics tlicni as less in si/.f than lluist'td' 

 iiii//!niiij» mi'iliii, and uh rcmMnldiiiK tlicni in tlu'ir markings, aUlionKli imt f^o dark. 



Tills s| ifs is ^,dvi'n liy Iicinlianlt as iiin; id' llii' liirds id' Orci'iiland ; and ('a|itain 



Saliiuf, in Ins .Mi'inoir (in tlir Uirds (it tliat coinitry, states tliat cxamiiles were killed 

 at Ilaro'H Island in dnne. It is kndwn also to visit I('(dun(l ; and that it ^meN to niueli 

 lii'^dier ndrthirn latitudes is attested iiy the records of most of the Aretie e.\|ie(liti(ins. 

 Dr. Middendcrll' includes it in his list of the liirds of Silieria, and anion;; those that 

 penetrate to the farthest north. I'rolessor Newton, in his " Notes on the Itirds of Ice- 

 land," mentions its arrival thcrit late in May ; and the opiidon of Talier, to whi(di he 

 refers, that it i>ree(|s in the nplands (d' that island, seems to him very prolialily widl 

 founded. i$iit .Mr. Towler, whose attention was [lartieularly ealle(l to this liird, eoidd 

 not discover it, and does not Ixdieve that it is present on the island (hiring tin; hreed- 

 in,i,'-sea8on. On the southwest part of the island it is known to be a liird of passage. 

 At tho end of .May Professor Newton encountered a larp' Hock, whi(di remained aliout 

 a week, when nearly all of them hdt; he thinks it (|uite possihle, however, that 



a few remain liehind and lir 1. I have in my ealiinet an ('kk Kiven me by (Nation 



Tristram as of this s|ieeies, and taken on islands north of Iceland. It (dosely rescm- 

 hics the e;,';,'s descriiied by Wheidwri^ht, but has a suspicious rescndilance to the CKh's 

 of (liiUiiiiiijn iiiiil'tii. In his " Notes on the Hirds of (ireenland," published in iHTo, 

 I'rofcHsor Newton seems to have (dian),'ed his views in regard to this bird's breeding in 

 lc(dand, expressing; tin? opinion that all pass on farther north. Me speaks of it as 

 rare in Southern (ireenland, but as often met with in the north, as not breeding; liidow 

 latitu(h' (W X., remarking that it is tlumyht to nest in tho bays of CJrepidand. Pro- 

 fessor Newton adds, that after the breed in;,'-season this bird resorts to the outer 

 islands, and that it was reported as having' been found breeding; on Melville I'enin- 

 sida and in f,'reat almmhinee on the I'arry Islands. The large flocks of tlicso birds 

 that, in autumn and again in spring, throng the western coa.sts of Europe and the 

 eastern shores of America, nmke it more than probable that in its (duef breeding- 

 ipiartors, wherever thest! may be, it must be very numerous. It has not been met 

 with on the east coast of (ireenland, nor in Spitzbergen. It is presumed to breed in 

 countries west and north of (ireenland. 



Mr. Nelson states that the Knot is another of the maritime species which regularly 

 visits its breeding-grounds by way of the Great Lakes. It is a regular migrant, pass- 

 ing north in ^lay, and returning to tlie shores of Lake Michigan early in September, 

 where it remains until October. 



Mr. L. Kundien mentions that a small flock of these birds alighted on the schoon- 

 er's deck in November, after the harbor had been frozen over. He saw none in the 

 spring or summer, but was told that it is quite common in North Greenland, but 

 tliat it does not nest south of latitude 70° N. There are no accounts of its eggs which 

 can be accepted as authentic. 



.Mr. Henry \V. Feihh'U, of the Arctic Exiiedition of 187r)-1876, though not so fortu- 

 nate as to obtain the eggs of this species during his stay in the I'cdar Kcgions, found 

 it breeding in some numbers .along the sliores of Smith's Sound and the north coast of 

 (irinnell Land. It is common throughout the Parry Islands during summer, as 

 Sabine found it in 1820 nesting in great nund)ers on Midville Island. It was pro- 

 cured by Dr. Anderson, of the " Enterprise," at Cambridge Hay (lat. 69° 10' N.), in July, 



