336 



PR.ECOCIAL GRALLATORES - LIMICOLiE. 



Phalaropiia freiiatus, ViEiii. Oiil. Ois. 11. IbliS, 178, Jil. 271. 



Phnlaropiis stnwiliuhiliis, \Va(ji.. Isis, 1831, .523. 



Phci/arnpiis JimhriiiJiis, Tkmm. I'l. <'ul. V. pi. 270. 



Lobijks iitamun, .lAitii. k .Sf.i.hy, III. Orii. 1. pl. 10. 



" StigiiiKipil.i trlciihn; Vll.ll.l.." (ColKs). 



lAibiiMH iintaretU'UH, l,i:.ss. (Jul, Fkazkh, 1'. Z. ."<. 1843, 118). 



Hah. TfiniHTiitf Nortli America in j,'t'iiL'ral, but ihii'lly the interior portiDiis ; rare aloii;,' lla 

 Atlantic coast, ami not recorded lioin tlu; Pacilic slojie of Calitbrnia, Oreyon, or Washiiij^ton Teiii- 

 tory. North t(j Kasterii ()re>,'oii, the Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia, anil Maine ; south, in niij^raliuiw, 

 to Brazil and I'ata^junia (('hnpat Valley). 



Sp. Chau. All lilt fvinale in summer: Foreiiead and crown pale pearl-grny, the former with u 

 blackish line on eacii side ; occiput and nape white, chanf^ini.' to plumbeous f,May on the back iiiid 

 scapulars. Striiie on the side of the head (chielly back oi the eye), and continued down tlie >iilc 

 of the neck, dee]) black. ciianj;ing on the lower part of the neck into rich dark chestnut — iliis 

 extending; backward more interruptedly on each side of the interscapular region ; outer sca]iuliirs 

 marked with a similar stri])e. A short stripe above the lores and eyes (not reachinj,' the liill), 

 cheeks, chin, and throat piu'e white ; foreneck and juguluiu soft bully cinnamon, deepest laterally 



fiWi 



and posteriorly, and fading gradually into creamy buff on the breast ; remaining lower parts wliitc 

 Wings brownish gray, the coverts and tertials bordered with paler; rump brownisli gray, ujiiicr 

 tail-coverts pure white. Adult mak in numiner : .'^midler and much duller than the female, with 

 the beautiful markings of the latter but faintly indicated. Adult and ijoumj in wintir : Aliove, cnn- 

 tinuous light ash-gray ; ui)per tail-coverts, superciliary stripe, and lower parts white, the juguhiia 

 and sides of breast tinged faintly with ])ale asliy. ynunij, Jimt ji/innitiji : Crown, back, and scapu- 

 lars blackish dusky, the feathers bordered conspicuously with bud". U})per tail-coverts, superciliiiiN 

 stripe, and lower parts white, the neck tinged with buff. Dnvnij ijounij: Prevailing color briglii 

 tawny fulvous, paler beneath, the abdomen nearly white ; occiput and na])e with a distinct median 

 streak of black, on the former branching laterally into two narrower, somewhat zigzag lines ; lowi r 

 back and nnnp witli three broad black stripes ; Hanks with a black spot, and caudal region crus-cd 

 by a wide subterminal bar of the same. 



Mule: Wing, 4.75-4.S(l ; culmen, 1.2.'); tarsus. 1.20-1.2.'); miildle toe, .90. Fenmk : Wing, 

 5.20-5.30; culmen. 1.30-1.35 ; tarsus, 1.30-1.35 ; middle toe, .»0-l.(Kt. 



The habits of this cxclusivt'ly American I'halaro])*', and to some extent its geo- 

 grapliical distribution, liavc oontinncd. until vovy recently, to be impert'ectly ascer- 

 tained. It was known to AVilson by oidy a single specimen, all record of which has 

 been lost. Even .Vndubon apjiears to have met with very few of this si)ecies. ami 

 to have gathered but little information as to its habits. It is now known to be In 

 far more common in the interior than near the coast, to breed in Northern Illinois. 

 Iowa, Wisconsin. Dakota, and Oregon, and thence northward into the British pos- 

 sessions to an unascertained extent. It is also abundant in Utah, but does not ai)iii'ai' 



