488 



LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS — ANSERES. 



end, where the edge of the ninxiUii overhangs the mandible on each side ; behind this, 

 the fine huueUu' completely exposed. Otherwise much like Querquedula (the wings colored 

 exactly the same), but linger. 



8. Aiac. Bill nmcli shorter tlitin the liead, deep through the base, depressed terminally, the 



edges gently convex, anil converging terminally ; nail very large ; base of the maxilla 

 produced backward and ui>ward into an elongated angle, extending on each side the fore- 

 head nearly half-way to the eye. Tail lengthened, composed of broad, rounded feathers. 

 Male with a full, elegant pendant crest of silky feathers. 

 B> Hind toe furnished with a membraneous lobe. 



a. Bill broad, depressed terminally ; tail short, the fi-athers moderately rigid, rounded at ends, 



and more than half concealed by the coverts (Fidiguhe). 



9. Fuligula. Bill decidedly broadest at Itast-, nuich deiiressed terminally, the vertical thick- 



ness just behind the nail being only about one fourth that at the base ; nail large and 

 very broad. Adult male witli the head rufous, the pileum ornamented by a full and very 

 soft, bushy, rounded crest. 



10. Fuliz. Bill about as long as the inner toe (with claw), the nail small and narrow. Head 

 and neck black in adult males. 



11. JBythyia. Bill longer than inner toe, with claw. Head and neck reddish in adult nudes. 



b. Bill shorter than the head, rather compressed, the depth through the base considerably exceed- 



ing the width near the end ; terminal portion of the bill not at all depressed. Tail as in 

 Fidi(jid(K (the central pair of rectricus much elongated in J/arelda). (Cluiigida'.) 



12. Clangula. Bill much shorter than the head, compressed, and tapering, both laterally and 

 vertically, to the end, the nuil small and narrow. Plumage chieHy black and white in the 

 male ; grayisli and white, with brown head, in the female. 



13. Histrionlcus. Bill as in Choxjida, but the nail very largo and broad, forming the end 

 of the bill, the rictus overhung by a small wrinkled membrane. CoLjr plumbeous, with 

 white collar and otliei' bands and markings, in the male ; dull grayish brown, with white 

 sjiots on head, in female. 



14. Harelda. Bill much shorter than the head, nearly as broad as deep, the nail lai'ge and 

 broad, the feathering at the base forming a nearly straight liiu; running obliipiely from 

 the base of the culmeii to the rictus.^ Middle pair of rectrices and posterior scapulars 

 nuuh elongated and lanceolate in the male. Colors variable. 



15. Eniconetta. Bill .shorter than the head, nuicli compressed, the edges of the maxilla 

 inllexed so as partly to inclose the mandible ; nail very large and broad, forming the end 

 of the bill, which is not at all " liooked." Male with the feathers of the lores and occiput 

 stiff and bristly, the tertials strongly falcate, the plumage beautifully variegated ; female 

 dull chestnut-brownish, variegated with black. 



16. Camptoleemus. Bill nearly as long as the head, the edges of the maxilla furnished 

 terminally with a thickened membraneous appendage, the base of the nuixilla encased 

 with overlying skin, including the nostrils. Feathers of the cheeks stiffened and bristly. 

 Color black and white (head, neck, jugulum, and wings chiefly white, under parts, ring 

 round lower neck, and other parts black) in the male ; nearly uniform brownish-plumbeous 

 in the female. 



c. Bill shorter than the head, tapering both laterally and vertically towai-d the end ; the base 



of the maxilLi continued in a lengthened angle or broad lobe on each side of the fore- 

 head, or else (in Arctonct(a) densely feathered as far forward as the nostril. Males with 

 areas of stiff", bristly, greenish teathei-s about the head, the tertials strongly falcate, the 

 plumage chiefly white and black, or plumbeous. Females brownish, barred with black 

 (Somakriw). 



17. Arctonetta. Feathering at base of the maxilla extending as far forward as the nostril, 

 and forming a continuous obliciue line from the cuhnen to the rictus ; feathera of the 

 lores dense and velvety ; eyes surrounded by a dense roundish "cushion" of short, soft, 

 velvety feathers. 



1 In some si>eciniens there is a distinct feathered angle projecting toward the nostril,, the bare skin of 

 the bill forming an obtuse angle iilwivc it. 



