506 



LAMELLIROSTRAL SWLMMEUS — ANSERES. 



Chaulelasmus streperus. 



THE OADWALL; OBAT DUCK. 



Anas strepera, LisN. S. N. ud. 10, I. 1758, 125 ; cd. VI, 1. 1700, 200. — Wils. Am. Orn. VIII. 1814, 

 120, i>l. 71. — NVTT. Mini. II. 1834, 383. — Aitd. Oni. Biog. IV. 1838, 353, \\. 348 ; Synop. 

 183i), 378 ; H. Am. VI. 1843, 254, \t\. 388. 



Ama (Chauliodus) slirpcnis, Sw. & Uicii. F. H. A. II. 1831, 440. 



Chaithinsmus sircjwrw, "Okav, 1838;" List B. Br. Mus. 1844, 139. — Baiud, B. N. Am. 1858, 

 782 ; ("at. N. Am. B. 185!t, no. 584. ~ Couks, Koy, 1872, 286 ; Check List, 1873, no. 4Ul ; 2d 

 ed. 1882, no. 711 ; liinls N. \V. 1874, 5<i3. — RiDow. Norn. N. Aui. B. 1881, no. 604. 



Anas strepera nmcriatnii, Max. .Four, fiir Oin. II. 1842, 109. 



"Chaulelasmus amerieana, Hi-." ((iiiAv). 



"Anas cincrea et subulata, H. (i. (Jmei.is." ((!i!AY). 



Anas Lrkusehht, Gmei,. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 531. 



"Anas nutil, Huua.soN " ((Jiiay). 



"Anas capensis, Swaixson" ((!kay). 



Had. Nearly co.snioi)()litiui (Europi', Asia, Africa, and North America). Teinpenxte North 

 America in };;eneral, breeding' diii-fly within the United States ; West Indie.s (8cL. & Salv.). 



Sp. Char. Adult male in fall, vinter, and spring : Ground-color of the head and neclv pale 

 brown, or brownish white, thickly speckled with black ; on the pileuni the brown deeper and 



more uniform, and the specks ob.solete ; on the occiput, 

 when present, they incline to the form of transverse 

 barf. Ju!,nilum marked with greatly curved bars, or 

 crescents, of white and black, the bars of the latter 

 wider. Lateral portion.s of the body beneath, back, 

 and scapulars finely undiilated, in curved transverse 

 lines, with slate-color and white. Many of the longer 

 scapulars plain browni.sh yray, broadly edyed with n 

 li},diter, more fulvous tint. Rump plain dull slate. 

 Tail-coverts, above and below, intensu opa(|Ue velvety 

 black. Tail cinereou.s, faintly edged with white. 

 Middle row.s of wing-coverts bright chestnut, the 

 anterior coverts brownish gray, and the po,sterior ones 

 deep black ; last row deep velvety lilack. Speculum 

 immaculate pure white, the lower feathers cinereous 

 (some with black on outer webs), narrowly tipped 

 with white terliuls plain pale ash, the primaries a 

 darker shad, of the same. "Bill bluish black. Iris 

 reddish hazel. Feet dull orange-yellow, claws brown- 

 ish black, webs dusky" (AuDUDOx). Adult viale, in 

 sumvier: "Crown brownish black, with a greenish tinge ; an indistinct streak through the eye, 

 dark brown ; rest of the head and neck dull brownish white, marked with blackish brown, as in the 

 previously described bird [adult male in .spring] ; back, rump, and upper tail-coverts dark blackish 

 brown, each feather margined with rusty red ; wings and tail as in the bird above described; 

 breast dull rusty reil, each feather with a central black spot ; ilanks dark brown, broadly marked 

 and mai-gined with dull rufous ; the rest of the under parts dull .vhite, each feather having a 

 central blackish brQwu-drop-shajJed mark" (Sharpe & Dresser). 



Adult female: Coloi-s chiefly brownish dusky and brownish white, in longitudinal streaks on 



Male. 



would answer for both species ; but the C, Couesi is immediately distinguished by its greatly inferior size, 

 which hardly exceeds that of a Teal, the different color of the bill and feet, and the singular discrepancy 

 in the lamellic of the bill, which are much smaller, and one third n;ore numerous. 



" Habitat : Washington Island, one of the Fanning Group, situated about latitude 6° N* and longitude 

 160» W." 



