ANAT1X.E — THE DUCKS — MAKECA. 



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The Coiumoii Widgeon of the I'ahuarctic Region is entitled to a phice in the fauna 

 of Nortli America on ratlier more than tlie ordinary grounds of an occasional straggler. 

 It has been found on different occasions in (.ireeuland, has been taken on Long Island, 

 is not infrequently seen exposed in the New Vork markets, and comes within our 

 fauna on the i'acitic coast. Two instances are on record of its occurrence in Illinois. 

 HolbiiU mentions its presence in Greenland — a young male procured in 18r»l, and 

 sent to the Itoyal Museum of Coi)enhagen. Hcsidcs this, I'rofesscu- Reiidiardt men- 

 tions having seen two other specimens — young birds obtained in South Greenland. 



Mr. Giraud refers to an individual shot in the Bay of Long Island in December, 

 1842. This is now in the collection of Mr, George X. Lawrence, of New York. Itich- 

 ardson was coutident that this si)ecie3 occiurs in tht^ wooded distri(!ts of the Fur 

 Country, and that it breeds northward to latitude 08° N. 



According to Dr. Goo[)er this bird is a not infre(|uent visitor to California. He 

 has seen quite a numljer in the collections of Mr. F. Gruber and of Mr. Lorquin in 

 San Francisco, where they are frequently sold in the market. Thtnr hal)its are said 

 to be similar to those of the M. aitievkuna. 



According to Mr. Dall, this species is not uncommon among the Ducks brought in 

 by the native hunters of Unalashka. One was obtained there Oct. 12, 1871. It is a 

 winter visitor, and migrates about May 1. Ft was also met with by Mr. Elliott on 

 the Pryl)ilof Islands, where, as he .states, it is seldom seen, never in pairs, does not 

 breed, the few individuals observed being ajjparently wind-bound or astray. 



In the Pahearctic Region it has a very extended distribution, occurring throughout 

 Europe and Asia, from Iceland and Siberia southward, and as far eastward as China 

 and Japan. It was foiuid in Formosa l)y Mr. Swinhoe, and at Ilakodadi in Japan by 

 Mr. H. Whitely (" Ibis," 1.SG7). In Siberia, acicording to Middemlorff, it occurs in 

 the wooded or forest regions. Mr. C. W. Shepard met with a few breeding in the 

 north of Iceland and in the neighborhood of Lake M^-vatn, where it Avas the rarest 

 of the birds found breeding in that locality. Occasionally one or two were seen, 

 but they were very shy, and it was impossible to say in wliat numbers they existed 

 there. Only one bird with its nest was obtained; but during the night the .shrill 

 whistle of this Duck coulil be heard above the general chorus of cooings and 

 quackings. 



Captain tr. E. Shelley includes it among the birds of Egypt ("Ibis," 1871). He 

 met with it on Lake Menzaleh, while stopping at Tort Said, and frequently saw 

 specimens in the market at Alexandria. 



Mr. Wheelwright found it one of the nu)st common of all the northern Ducks in 

 Scandinavia, breeding in almost all the still waters to far u}) within the Polar 

 Circle. The eggs are described as being of a clear yellowish-white color, about 2.25 

 inches in length and 1.50 in breadth. 



According to Yarrell the. Widgeon visits Great Britain in immense numbers during 

 the winter season. It frei^uents the shores all around the coast, as well as the rivers, 

 lakes, and fens of the interior, and is held in great esteem for the table ; but from 

 its great abundance generally sells for a moderate price. Its habits in some re- 

 spects resemble, those of the Common ilallard, and great numbers are taken with 

 that bird, by means of decoys. For coast night-shooting Colonel Hawker thinks 

 this Duck furnishes the finest sport in Great Britain. 



It nuikes its first appearance on the coast of that country about the end of Sep- 

 tember or the beginning of October, and flocks continue to arrive until the weather 

 becomes severe. It differs from nearly all its congeners in the nature of its food, 

 and in tlie time when this is ])r()cured. While the other species obtain nearly the 



