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leading apple over a larger section of country than any other in 

 Europe, than any other apple I know of. No apple holds so high 

 a rank above others in any large section c this continent; and yet 

 if the Baldwin were equally hardy 1 would much prefer it. 



We first meet with it in the cold climate of Tenki, in Kazan, 

 where it is looked upon as the best of the " introduced " apple 

 trees, and certainly the young trees .ve saw there were quite 

 promising. In all the towns on the Volga we find the Antonovka 

 noted as hardy as far as tried, and in some places, tried long 

 enough to be thoroughly relied upon. 



It is, however, in Central Russia that we find the Antonovka 

 so highly prized. In the cold climate of Toula, in latitude 54, 

 about 120 miles south of Moscow, yet 480 miles farther to the 

 north than the city of Quebec, we find it considered their hardiest 

 and most productive apple tree. A young tree, twelve years planted, 

 is pointed out as having produced its eight poods, and old trees, 

 long past their prime, twenty-five poods. In one peasant orchard 

 we find the few scattered survivors of a previous orchard, nearly 

 all of these were Antonovka ; strange that this had stood while 

 other kinds alongside of it, intermingled with it, had been killed, 

 killed by a cold winter, I think in 1867. 



In the Government of Tambof, half-way between Moscow and 

 Saratof, there was a large orchard of 2700 trees, only 730 of 

 which survived the winter of 1867, when mild warm rainy weather 

 was followed by sudden cold. Antonovka, though injured, was 

 not killed ; it and Anis stood the best. That winter, at Orel, in 

 February, the thermometer went down to 35 Rea., that is 46 

 Fahrenheit, and, in exposed places 37 Rea. or 51 Fahrenheit, and 

 yet Antonovka there is above all others their leading apple, and 

 the old trees we saw there were, as far as I can remember, in fine 

 health. 



At Veronesh we hear the same opinion, and hear of trees that 

 have produced 27 poods or 972 pounds, nearly, half a ton, and 

 are told that although " other apples have their faults this has 

 none," It has its faults, but I quote this to show the widely 

 spread opinion of those who grow it. •• ■ • 



