, melting 

 in season 

 d outside 



;ss. IL is 

 liest of its 

 ivier Gre- 

 \ in juice, 

 A good 

 later. 



aown and 

 long and 

 ;tty, pretty 

 Vugust. 

 f this class, 

 hardy and 

 , in season 



a and thick 

 il Gardens 

 ndly drove 

 fe, healthy, 



is not as 

 Warsaw, it 



is a pear 

 isibly hardy 

 more likely 

 id Toronto. 



Jnder these 

 f a healthy, 

 saw, Riga, 

 productive, 

 e very sal- 



,*7 



! •' 'I .;. • ' • " CHERRIES.. • > . -r 



The cherries of Northern Europe best adapted to severe cli- 

 mates belong to a family which is scarcely known upon this con- 

 tinent. I will describe a few of those that have been found of 

 greatest value at the north. ' ; i: •, r: ' i ,■ j • ij" 



Vladimir. — First in importance are the cherries known all 

 over Russia under this name. Like the Ostheim and the Brune 

 de Bruxelles, they are usually bushes rather than trees, and have 

 narrow, small, but finely textured thick foliage. It has been 

 named Vladimir, I suppose, because in that Government its 

 culture has attained such vast proportions. The fruit we saw not 

 only in the markets, but sold in the Si. eets in all Ihe larger towns, 

 where the consumption of this cherry is very large. We did not 

 visit the cherry districts in Vladimir, as the crop had been already 

 picked and marketed when we arrived there. We tried, however, 

 to get some estimate of the extent of its culture there. Are there 

 10,000 trees ? I ask. More than loo men have 15,000 each, and 

 such was the tenor of other statements from those who know the 

 country well. What is the amount shipped ? I ask. In reply I 

 am told that entire cars, and in some special ir itances, entire trains 

 have been loaded with this one product. At the village of 

 Viazniki the chief industry of the neighborhood is cherry culture. 

 We find it in all the Northern markets in great quantity. It seems 

 to be cut oflf the tree with scissors, leaving about an inch or less 

 of stalk attached to the fruit, and thus picked it stands carriage 

 well, and then keeps for some little time after arrival. 



In the peasant villages in the Government of Kazan, and in 

 all the towns we stayed at on the Volga, wherever a peasant had 

 any apple trees, he was sure to have also a patch of this Vladimir 

 I cherry, sometimes carefully thinned, seldom in a high state of 

 [culture, and often grown into a thicket ; everywhere it was grown 

 in fair quantity, and in all the markets, though past its season, a 

 few were still to be found. Again in Central Russia, everywhere 

 it is the most largely grown variety, the popular market variety, 

 [although at Voronesh and Kursk we find fruits more of the Guigne 

 type, not quite hardy, yet bearing finer fruit. As far South even as 



