•29 



little washing- soda, to the trunk of every tree durinj; the 

 month t)f May, and you will probably not be troubled 

 with borers. ■■ '''li .; ■ 't':''' •: ft' •>••; ^r,-- ti i. .nqij-^ 



There is another species known as the flat headed apple 

 tree boier, totally different from the round headed borer; 

 but, as the beetle makes its appearance during the months 

 of May and June, and lays its eggs on the trunk as with the 

 preceding species, the same methods of cutting them out 

 or scalding them can be applied in one case as well as the 

 other, while the soap preventative will prove equally efficient 

 with both. It must, however, be applied higher up, as they 

 attack all parts of the trunk, even the larger branches. 



THE TWIG BORER 



is occasionally injurious, but we have never known it to 

 be numerous enough to do much damage. When found, 

 the limb should be cut oft' and burned. 



APPLE TKEE BARK LOUSE. ' ' ' 



This is one of the most troublesome and destructive 

 insects with which we have to contend. It has become .so 

 common that there is scarcely an orchard that is entirely 

 free from its ravages, and many a tree has been slowly and 

 surely bled to death by this tiny sucker. 



They are ; .^merally, when permitted to multiply, crowded 

 upon the trunk, branches, and twigs as thickly as they can 

 be placed, forcing one another out of pla.' p. and frequently 

 overlying. Individually they are about -^ of an inch long, 

 and of the shape of an oyster shell The insect is not one 

 fitted for rapid spreading. Its introduction into an orchard 

 is generally through planting infested trees. The female is 

 wingless and only capable of motion for two or three days 

 at the most, after which time she becomes permanently 

 fi.xed for the rest of her life. The time of all others when 

 they may be most easily destroyed is when they are just 

 hatched from the eggs, and are exposed on the bark as soft, 

 delicate, naked little creatures. This is generally from the 

 first to the middle of June, and will often be found at the 

 opening of the blossom.s. 



If an orchard is attacked before the owner is aware, 

 much may be done by scraping oft' the scales in winter and 

 burning them ; but on large trees this is impossible, as most 

 of the scales are to be found on the branches and small 

 twigs. The only way is to treat with a kerosene emulsion, 

 or some other liquid that will penetrate the scales and 



