31 



seek some little crevice where they spin a cocoon, within 

 which they assiiiiio the pupa state ; and from it, at the 

 end of about three weeks, emerges the perfect insect, a 

 reddish-brown moth ; and as soon as they have paired the 

 female lays her eggs on some twig and dies. In due time 

 the eggs hatch, and the same cycle of changes takes place 

 each year. 



This insect is easily kept under control. The egg 

 clusters nmy be destroyed during winter. The nests should 

 never be allowed to get largo, but should be cut off' and 

 burned. As they feed but twice a day, ami are always in 

 their nests night and morning, the early and late lionrs 

 are the best to perform the operation. They are easily 

 destroyed by spraying with arsenites, (a remedy that will 

 be described further on). 



THE CODLING MOTH. 



This is one of the most important insects with which 

 the orchardist has to deal, in view of the great loss which 

 it annually occasions in its larvae state. The moth makes 

 its appearance from the last of May to the early part of 

 June, about the time the trees are in bloom. The female 

 deposits her eggs in the bloom end of the fruit, flying from 

 one to another until her store of eggs is e.xhausted. In a 

 short time the egg hatches, and the young laiva proceeds 

 to eat its way into the fruit, feeding as it goes, but making 

 its headquarters in the core. In three or four weeks it is 

 full grown ; and about this time the infested fruit generally 

 falls to the ground. The larva then crawls out, and 

 seeking souie convenient spot, soon becomes a pupa. Then 

 about the month of August it bursts forth into the moth 

 state, and the fruit is re-stocked with larva. The second 

 brood do not issue as moths until the next spring. 



Several methods, more or less effective, have been 

 adopted to check the ravages of this insect. Some tie 

 strips of woollen cloth around the trunk of the tree, into 

 which the worms will crawl when about to assume the pupa 

 state. By examining these cloths once a fortnight and 

 destroying the worms, this troublesome pest can nea»ly be 

 got 1 id of in one season. 



The moths are attracted by light, and many will be 

 destroyed by lighting fires in the orchards in various 

 places during the time the trees are in bloom. The utility 

 of pasturing swine in the orchard is admitted by all, and 

 did all the infested fruit fall to the ground, would be a 

 complete remedy. They can, however, be kept completely 

 in check by the use of arsenites. 



