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capacious body, long, light neck, thin withers, deep flank and 

 rich, soft mellow skin, showing deep orange color under white 

 marking and inside ear. As viewed from the side, she should 

 be a perfect wedge shape, deep behind and light in front, and 

 viewed from behind must show ample room to carry a large 

 full udder with ease. No cow can do this that is of a beef 3^ 

 formation. The udder must extend well forward and reach 

 well up behind, square, level and not too deeply quartered, 

 with teats of good size, evenly placed and apart. The udder 

 must be large and handsome when full, and when empty 

 loose and soft and milk out to nothing. Taking the common 

 cows in the country as a basis you pay $80 for a cow that 

 runs you $30 in debt by the end of the year, and gives you a 

 calf no better than herself. It is a poor investment, but on 

 the other hand if you pay $50 for a cow that makes you $30 

 profit at the end of the year, as such a cow will and should 

 do, and gives you a calf still better than herself, 3'ou have 

 made a good investment. If you get $5 a year for $50 cash 

 investment it would be called usury, but from a good cow 

 costing, say $50, you can easily make $25 besides her keep, 

 and you spend no more time in milking and feeding the good 

 than the poor cow. It is easy to see how much more profit 

 is gained by starting right. If ?you go a little higher and 

 begin with a pure bred registered cow, the first cost will be 

 more, but she will yield you even better interest on your 

 money, while her offspring will be worth more than double of 

 any unregistered animal. Having started with the right cow, 

 and assuming it is butter you are going to make, I will next 

 speak on the cow and general management of the dairy. 



FEEDING CATTLE. 



t 



Beginning with the feed, first cut all your hay, thus saving 

 one quarter if not one third. The cut hay should be wet and 



