IN MODERN SCIENCE. 



S7 



trast to both is presented in the monistic philos- 

 ophy, which can as little believe in force without 

 matter as in matter without force." 



It is evident that if Haeckel limits himself 

 and his opponents to matter and force as the 

 sole possible explanations of the universe, he 

 may truly say that matter is inconceivable with- 

 out force and force inconceivable without mat- 

 ter. But the question arises. What is the 

 monistic power beyond these — the " power be- 

 hind nature" ? and as to the true nature of this 

 the Jena philosopher gives us only vague gen- 

 eralities, though it is quite plain that he cannot 

 admit a Spiritual Creator. Further, as to the 

 absence of any spiritual element from the 

 nature of man, he does not leave us in doubt 

 as to what he means ; for immediately after the 

 above paragraph he informs us that " the * spirit ' 

 and the * mind ' of man are but forces which 

 are inseparably connected with the material 

 substance of our bodies. Just as the motive- 

 power of our flesh is involved in the muscular 

 form-element, so is the thinking force of our 

 spirit involved in the form-element of the 

 brain." In a note appended to the passage, 

 he says that monism " conceives nature as 

 one whole, and nowhere recognizes any but 



