' v 



TUAN.SACTIONy OV tiliCTION U. 



6GD 



'niomns, flilrbrist, ntid rtncliis in stcol. of l'!lI<iii;.'lon nml Miiftlicy in tlio iidblo 

 nii'tals, hliDW that in tiiose bnuirfirs tliu di.-fovfiics wliii'li \u\\{> rcvnlutioiiist'd 

 iiroct's.si'H liiivn been inndc hy Mdjrlisliiiu'ii ; whilst Voiiiijr, fhu fatlicr of jmrafliii, 

 Sni'iu'i' till! Ilium iiiakir, and AIm-I f ^fiin-cotfnn fume arc sf)nii' anionij'st iiumy of 

 mir I'oiiiilrymrii wIkisc naiiius nin} im iioiiniinildy inciitiniicd as liu\iiij^ Iniinded 

 iit'W chi'uiii'al iiuliistrir.s. 



lli'iico, wliilsl ilicrc i.-i miK'li to Htimnla(>' us to aolion in tlio cnorpry Mid zoal 

 shown by oin'coutiui'iilii! l)ri'tliri'ii in tlii' pursuit both of puro and ajuilicd clioniistry, 

 thcrt' is iiothinir ti> lead us to think lliat Ihf clicinistry of the iMi^jli.^h-sponkinvT 

 iintions ill the m'xt filly years will be lc<s wovtiiy than thi d" tin- past half-wn- 

 turv (if standing' sidi- by sidf witli iliut of Ii't friendly rival.- Iscwhcrc. 



Till' follov, ine; Papers were road : — 



1. On Conqtlc.c Iiionjaiiii' Aci(h. Ilij I'rofessor Wolcott Ginns. 



Tile author pftve a ;r.sv«w)r of Ida work r,n ("oniplex Innre-nnic Acids, includin;,'- 

 many details not liitliertu juibli.-lied. Tlio work may bo n'e-ai'ded ns a series id' 

 ^'eiieralisatioiis of the cla.-s of silIeii-tuii;.'>lMtes, dix-overed liy .Marii-'iiac in ]."~(il, 

 and of iliu aiialo;.'ous idass of ]iluispIio-iiin]yl dales, tlie lii>t sy>teinatic study of 

 wliicli is duo to l)e\ille, To I'orni a ])roper liasis for the invL'stiiratiuii it was 

 iiecossavv to niako a preliminary thonuijih .stiuly of the tuni,'ritates and molybdates. 

 The autiior's results taken in oonnection with the prior work of .Marie nac, Schoiblfr 

 and IJllilc, established the faet thai there are two series only (d' tnnL'states and 

 molyl)dateH — the iiorinnl and the lurlii-series, the hitler lieiiiL'" Ijest represente(l by 

 the CDnijiounds (d' tiiii;.'sten ; the foriiier of those by nio'ybdenum. T'lms tho 

 lowest ineta-tiin;j:state lias the iorimila 4\\'( ). . 11 ,<) ('oii>i(h're(l as an arid, wliilo 

 the lii^rhest is rejirosented by l(iW(), . 711/ >. 'J"ho lowest noiinal niolylnlic acid 

 has the formula ^biO., . Jl„(); the lii;.'liest the formula '.i.MoO,. If ,(), as shown by 

 Ullik. Scheibler discovered two distinct pcries (d']ih()s])lio-(u!ij2->lates. The author 

 finds that tlioro are at least ten, the hi;.dicst conijiound lia\iii;r the reriiiiila, as an 

 acid, UdWO, . P./), . CIF O, the h,west the formula (JWO,,. P,(), . (Jll.O, and that 

 the phosplio-molybdatos are at least ecjually mimcrous, and have a similar rnn/,a'. 

 Odd numbers of moleculis ( tuii;xstio and iiiolyljdio oxidis also occur, aiul there 

 are reasons for doubting' all the forniulto of this class of conipounds. Correspnnd- 

 iii;; conipouiid.s contamin^r arseiiie pentoxide a'-n exist, and a few of them bad 

 already been observed. T'o ;jreiieraliso these results Ntill further, the author re])laced 

 phosphoric oxide by vaiiadic pontoxide and anlimonii; peiitoxi<le, so ns to form 

 vanadio-tun^statps and antimonio-tun^-states and correspondinjj" conqionnds oi' 

 molybdenum. Many of these salts are very lieautiful. lie has also rendered i*. 

 probable that tlie greater nuinb;'r of oxides of the type 1!/)-, form similar com- 

 jiounds, the general formula for the group being : 



m l^'O, . n 



\l\p. 



'..0. 



A second series of complex acids contains two oxides fif the type H^O-, so 

 that we have various piiospho-vanadio-tunerstates, and phospho-vanadio-mfdyb- 

 dates, and it is at least probable that any two oxides of the type It^oUj may enter 

 iuto similar combiuatious, the general formula being : , 



m 



IVK\ 



« ll^A 



ll^.f). 



Il'„0. 



The generalisation of the first term, WO^ or ^IoO„, in these series is also 

 possible to a certain extent at least. Tims it appears that compounds exist ia 

 which fluorine and sulphur partially replace oxygen in WOg or MoO^. 



The autho found that hypophosphorous and jihosphoroiis acids unite in a similar 

 manner with tnngstic and molybdic oxides. The relations of these two to the 

 others will perhaps appear from the formuhe : 



GWO3 . 2{IIj . PO . (>II]L>II,0 and 8M0O3 . 2{II, . PO . 0II}2(XII,y,0 ^ 2 aq., 

 and, in the ca."3e of the salts containing phosphorous acid, from the formulce : 



' \ 



m 



