TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION C. 



719 



M 



n Moun- 

 G.S. 



ided as an 

 pproxima- 

 metlmd of 

 ployed f(jr 



.s possible, 

 the corru- 

 .1 reference 



us must bit 



9 crust. 



it. 



liner in tlio 



formation 

 lupled area 



10. On ^/'C OrxHvrencc, Loralities, a»r/ Output nf the Economic Minerals 

 of Canada. I'ni Wir.LiAM Hamilton Meuritt, F.G.S. 



[n tliifl paper iin eii'lcavouv was madoto collt'cf I'rora the maps nf the Gooloprical 

 .>nrvt'V the number nf lornlities wiierc tho various ccniiomic minerals found in 

 Canada are situated, and tlio 2'eolo<rical formation in which tlie ooourroncos exist. 



From the trade and naviiriitinn returns, and the annual miniiiu' report of Nova 

 Sciitia, the mineral output for tlie past yi-ar has been (-(unpiled in order to show 

 till' present condition of minin^'- industry in Canada. 



Tiie lack of encourajrement and assistance to mininq- industry from th^ non- 

 cxi'tence of any department in the < 'entral (toverniuent for coUectin}^ reports and 

 itati.-tiis on mininir was alluded to forcibly. 



The paper was accompanied by a list of tlie principal localities of the economic 

 minerals of Canada, and tlie freolo;j:icaI formation in whicli tiiey occur. This list 

 i-liuwcd that indications of valuable ores are very numer<nis and widespread from 

 >'ewt'oinidland on the Atlantic to ]{ritish Columbia on the Pacitic Ocean, Tho 

 chief yield is shown to be from coal, fjold, iron. <rypsum, apatite and copper. 



It'was also pointe<l out that it was not intended to convey the idea that the 

 <lill'erent minerals were limited to tlie localities mentioned. They ou<rht more to 

 bo looked upon as a few indications of an exceptionally large mininof development 

 which is hopefully looked forward to in the near future. 



('; i 



ania in plan 

 •reat ranfjes 



ntam 



its position 

 in Cumber- 



orted bed of 

 akinn; ample 

 arches and 

 of 4.V, tlie 

 ine miles in 

 it was cor- 

 folds over- 

 section line 

 corrugation 



tiunties, and 

 s.Wut seldom 

 irty or forty 

 uth-east liiv 

 'J'oward tli-' 

 wiis arrested 

 tier-plate on 



ve been put 

 r some raus' 

 he facts bore 



FRIDAY, AUGUST :.",). 



The followinjr Papers and Report were read :— 



1. Phase-! la the Erolution of the North Aiiieric fii Contliient. 

 ]hj Profesor J. S. Nkwherkt, M.D, 



As the day bad been a.ssi;;ne<i to papers bearlnsr on the ice period, Dr. Newberry 

 limited his remarks to the condition of North America durinfjtlie Tertiary and tho 

 Glacial afje. He exhibited a maj) of North America on which the areas where 

 dacial debris or inscriptions had been found, were coloured white. This showed 

 that mure tlian half of the Continent in the Glacial epoch was covered with per- 

 petual snow or ice. The marjiin of the drift area passeti from Newfoundland by 

 Georrre's Bank to Cape Cod. thence traversed the middle of Ijonp- Island, crossed 

 !^taten Island near its soutli.-ru extreraitj-, and New Jersey near Trenton. Thence 

 it was deflected northward through Pt;nnsylvania, forming an angle in the soutiiern 

 pan of Western New York, thence passing diagonally across Ohio to Cincinnati, 

 reaching (as recently shown by Prof. ("t. F. Wright) into Kentucky, thence runniig 

 :;irtli-westerly or westerly through the States of Indiana and Illinoi.-- into JMissouri, 

 whence it followed nearly the coi;r-e of tlie .Mi-souii IJiver to the Canada line. 

 All the coimtry included in and north of this .semicircle has be.'u glaciated, its 

 topography profoundly modified, and the surface oi a l)e!t surrounding the Canadian 

 Iligldand.s 2,000 miles in length by nearly uOO in hi'eadth. covered with a slieet of 

 debris which after much erosion is still from ."50 to oO feet in thickness. 



On the mountain ranges of tho West, conspicuous evidence of glacial action is 

 vi>ii)le as far soiitli as the north line of New ^Mexico. These phenomena afford 

 oniuhi.-ive proof of the reality of tlie ice period, and tliat the pre-ent climate and 

 phy-ical conditions of (jreenland reached in that age us far.-)uthas New York and 

 Cincinnati. The elevation of tlie Continent was at that time less than at present, 

 since the Chapiplaiii Clays — the line material L'rnund up by the glaciers an<l washwl 

 down to the ocean — reach the L^ea level about New Y'orlc. At Croton Point ou the 



