896 



IIKPORT — 1884. 



funiarcs. Tliis iimouiit ran only bo ol)tiiiiU'd l)y means of ii atcnin fan. Tlit' snnu' 

 fan blowiT wmild mivo its cost in a st'asoii or two, by bi'iii}^ utilised {'nr frimmimi 

 tbo cai'f,'!) of whoiit, a liosp jiipe boiiii,' attached, and liio ciiiTtnl uf »ir Ijciin; 

 tlirected a;,''aiiKst tlie wheat, as it I'ell from lhoelo\ator spout. 'J'liis woulilttl.socoul 

 tho wheat, a groat adv iiitM;^e. 



In winter tlio IVesh air could be warmed before b'in^,' supjdied to tliopaasen^.nT'), 

 liy ])assin;^' over llie Ixiilcrs or thron^'Ii tlie condensers; and in aniunier, in hut luti- 

 tndes, it conhl bo eooh'd with ice, or by comprossion and expansion, as iu reiVi^re- 

 rators. 



'J'o avoid drau;rhtH, the air shouhl 1k> distril)nted by small jierlorators from a 

 lar^c surface of i)ipe, wliich should be introduced into every living' apartment of the 

 ship while it was b.in;,'' liuilt, 



\yi:i).\i:si)A v, septemukii w. 



The followinf.' Paper-s were road: — 



1. The TJ.flcuf fi) vhlrh n Ci'dloi/irAtl Formnfi'nii /.s' avaihihh ci< it Cldtlu'rinj- 

 ijruund fill- Wiili'f Supplii. JJi/ W. WiiiTAici;it, li.A., F.G.S. 



The author oxhil)ited a sot of maps whicli lie had specially made to sliow 



(1) those areas in whicdj rain-water has froo, or almost free, accosstotho ("liallc, tliiii 

 rock beinf,"- either bare, or covered only by deposits of a permeable Kind; and 



(2) those areas over which tlio infiltration of water to the Chalk is hindered either 

 partially by a protectiufr mass of l)eds of a mixed or of a chaiifroable kind (in tln' 

 former case lettin;,' water tlironirh to u limited extent, ami in the latter allowin;: 

 it to sink down at one ])laco and not at another), or wholly, by a protecfinir nui>* 

 of impermeable beds that absolutidy stops infiltration, (honsh sometimes streaan 

 flowin;? over sueli im])ermea!)U> bods reach tho Chalk, and contribute to its wat^'v. 

 It is only those parts of the London ]?asiu for wliich the (Jeolo^^'ical Survey has 

 published I>rift-ma])s that can bo included in the above scheme, but it is hoped tn 

 extend this practical application of peolon-ical knowledjio as other Prift-majts arc 

 issueil. Like maps can of course be made for fither wator-bearinjr forinationi 

 whore tho difibrent divisions of the Drift have boon surveyed, and until sucli maps 

 nre made wo may have only an approximate idea of the areas of the various water- 1 

 bearing beds that are available as <,yatheriujj^-grounds. 



2. On Flood Eegulators. Bj J. DiTiLOX. 

 3. On Jijn'rnUural ImpJeinenls. Jlij D. Pidceo.v. 



4. On the Destruction of Toivii Eefuso. Bij Joun Biiowx, M.B., B.Sr. 



The used-up material of town life may be classified as sewafe and solid! 

 material, including night soil, midden and' ashpit refuse, street sweepings and! 

 gully sludge, market sweojiings, garbage and ofl'al. 



On the shores of seas, lakes, estuaries, and very largo rivers, the sewage may 

 be disposed of by being discharged into these ; greatly diluted, it is slowly oxidised 

 into a harmless state. 



When possible its great nutritive properties may be utilised on sewage farnis 

 or irrigated meadows. Where this cannot be doiie, the excellent sewage report nt 

 this Association shows that the process of intermittent downward filtration is 

 probably the most ellicient for the destruction of its hurtful ingredients. 



In the case of large towns it is very soon found that the removal of solid usjd- 

 up materials gives rise to nuisance and entails enormous expense. 



u 



