TRAX.S.VCTIONS OF SECTION I[. 



89& 



1(1 Asia, liiyl 

 (> Ivskiuifis ill 

 lied lu'lian. 

 ■v terms \\.-i 

 1 to tlu' lle'l 

 \u< is hanlly 

 iiist iiitpearfd 

 jliovtly l)efi>re 

 link considers 

 ^■as oriyiiiiiUy 

 r sLiulb, and 

 rust to thi' 

 entiirv. tht'V 

 facts.* Tlius 

 f.s of a very 

 of till' north, 

 skiu-ooviTt'd 

 I-iuio Tayliv, 

 ■iices in A>ia. 

 raiifTt' '^l-' ^''^^ 

 \em with tli«' 

 iivt' linpeved, 

 ud iishevineii, 

 .ones. W>il»^' 

 imos in theu' 

 slveletons are 

 es]ieciaUy ot 

 Imt tlu'V %v>'V'' 

 ,srd tiie MV.ue 

 anv two racv* 

 and art, it u 

 . therefor.- felt 

 -, as fart.^ li«| 

 a and middle 



2. Xoticc of Explomtlon of a Groxji of Mounds in Ohio, 

 liij F. W. Pl rxAM. 



The author '.^ave notice of exploration of a group of mounds in Oliio, containing 

 i.ot only buria) .^.xinds but others erected for quite a different purpose. lie then 

 Jeicnl)ed the c.jmposition of one elaborate mound and of a group of niounda. 

 The area of the mound is covered with a composition of iron and gravel. The 

 .{ratification of the interior is not curved, but hojizontal, though the exterior of 

 til? mound itself is curved. The finds in Ihe.sc mounds were very curious, such as 

 .rnaments in mica schists, and in native silvt-r ami gold, copper and iron. Images 

 -Ten are found in terra-cotta. 



". On the Clas^ifirntion of North Anierlcan Lamjuagcs. 

 B)j Major J. W. Powell. 



Four great stocks covered the area of the United States, viz. : — the Algonqiiian, 

 witli about 40 dilierent languages; the Siouan, with about 13; the Shoshonian, 

 with lf<; and the Athabasoau, very important in the Dominion. Altogether tliero 

 were 55 stocks represented in the United States. In conclusion, the author added 

 I ft'W words on the affinities of languages : he did not believe in comparing 

 .■lammatic structure, but rather vocabidaries. lustitutions as a test of classitica- 

 ti..n w.'iv less permanent than languages, but more so than arts. Mythologies 

 ::■ 'jably were only inferior to languages. 



Tilt- PuL'siDioNT dtdivered the following Address: — 



t'lP. iiewly-conslituted Section of Anthropology, now promoted from the lower 

 .. kof a l)epartraent of IJiology, ludds its first meeting under remarkable circum- 

 ■tanros. lien; in America one of the great problems of race and civilisation comes 

 in closer view than in JMirope. In I'^ngland anthropologists infer from stone 

 jT'w-lieads anil hatchet-blades, laid up in burial-mounds or scattered over the sites 

 ; vani5.1ied villages, that Stone Age tribes once dwelt in the land; but what they 

 iv.>' like in feature and complexion, what languages they spoke, what social laws 

 Slid religion they lived under, s.' > nuestions where speculation has but little guidance 

 fimfact. Ft is vry difl"erei;t when under our feet in .Montreal are found relics 

 'tappiiple who forn- 'rly dwelt here, Stone Age people, as their implements show, 

 iniisjh not unski'led in barbaric arts, as is seen bv the ornamentation of their 

 -rthen pots and tobacco-pipes, made familiar by the jmblications of Principal 

 i'aw.'oii, As we all know, the record of .lacques Cartier, published in the six- 

 •viitli cent tny collection of IJanuisio, proves by text and drawing that here stood 

 ;li' famous palisaded town o'l Hociielaga. Its iidiabitants, as his vocabulary shows, 

 i«>!iiij.'ed to the group of tribes whose word for fl is ivixk — that is to say, they 

 Mvof the Iroquois stock. Much as Canada has changed since then, we can still 

 'tiidy nuioiig the settled Iroquois the type of a race latelj' in the Stone Age, still 

 ^ra^'o remnants and rwords c-f their peculiar social institutions, n'ld still hearspoken 

 'i'ir language of strange vocabulary and unfamiliar structure. Peculiar importance 

 '■:iven to Canadian anthropology ))y the ])resence of such local American types of 

 Mil, representatives of a stage of culture long passeil away in biurope. Nor doi's this 

 ''J any means oust from the Canadian mind the interest of the ordina.y problems of 

 fco]iean anthropology, 'i'he co. plex succession of races which make up tlie pedigree 

 'fill' modern l']nglishinan ami Frenchman, where the descendants perhaps of palaeo- 

 ii'liip. and certainly of neolithic, man have blended with invading Keltic, Homan, 

 Wonic-Scandinavian peotdes — all i'ms is the inheritance of settlei-s in America as 

 I "inch as of their kinsfidk who have stayed in Europe, Ii> the present scientific visit 

 "! the Old to the New World, I propose to touch on some prominent questions 

 ' anthropology with special reference to their American aspcfs. Tnasmtudi as in 

 hi introductory address th< practice of the Association tends to make arguments 

 I 'wauswerable, it will be desirable for me to suggest rather than to dogmatise, 



-I 2 



