TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 



919 



•0 a lari,'o 

 iin<l soini* 

 LlitT thesi) 

 jribod tlio 

 T that the 

 •indstoneM, 

 now to 1)0 



) Hall. 



5'.C. 



• siipplyiiii? 

 ropological 

 ■ or mijiTa- 

 .>ign to tilt) 

 iacin<jf their 

 ios. What 

 vv to ascev- 

 beginniiifrH. 

 1 of North 

 he inipvovi- 

 supph'ment 

 pply would 

 ;iysioloij,-ieal 



;, chiefly on 



. Psoralen 



voyageur.'J, 



'os tubcrosa 

 h is grapl li- 

 st ring. It 

 macs before 

 Scotia culled 

 it, it is not 

 iltivated by 

 ot only used 

 ddney biian 

 uany things 



also found 

 now known 

 , beans, and 

 ' l)eans and 

 til— Bay of 

 from the far 

 )n of beans 



a third or 

 nting of the 

 tiels of corn 

 esp, because 

 n bis voyage 

 nglish came, 



being very plentiful in Indian corn-fields. Hudson saw (on the Hudson livorj 

 'L'l'oat quantity of maize and beans of the last year's growth ' ( lOi'.')), 



Nuttall n-.tices the growtli of ilie WarLd Spia-h nn tlie Tppfr Missouri, and 

 (Iruy and TriimbuU say it is well nigii certain that the .siHiies wasciiltivated in tho 

 Mexican and Texan count ries by tlie aborigines. Pumpkins and other ( 'unirbitdcvm 

 were evidently cullivated over a wide range: (,'ul)a. M.'xieo, Texas, Virginia, 

 [•'lorlda, Appalachian country, Cpper Missouri, Caiia.'.a, .St. Lawivr.co (( 'artier), 

 Lalvi' Huron (Saganl). 



Wliat is known <if the early history and use of the .Frrusalciu articlioke 

 Jlvliduthiis t.ii/i,r'>.vis) is given by Mr. Tr'unihuU in ' Amirican .lournal of Science,' 

 :ird siries, vol. xiii. ]ip. .'l}!t .'Lc', {iiul by Gray and 'J'rumbiill, vol. xxv. and xxvi. 

 (ii'owu in the Minnesota and Saskatchewan regions hy tlir Indians, it must have 

 lieeii obtained by them from the valleys of tho Oiiio mid Mis.sissippi. Its near 

 liotauiciil ally, the .siiiilIowiT (7/. ^//n(K»s), was cultivated by the lliirons in tlieir 

 towns near the south-eastern point of Gecu'gian Uay fir tlu' oil of the sei'ds, wiiicli 

 *hey used forgrra^ng their hair, as well as for tood(( 'hamiilain. Saganl, KilO Iflofl). 

 (rray and Trumbull believe that tiiis also must have hir'.i obtained from beyond 

 th" Mississippi, and some degrees farther south. 



The hop {IlnniiihiH lupiilitH), although undoiihtedly indigenous to America, 

 and abundant in our Xorth-West, being a common plant in Manitoba, is not known 

 to havobi'en u.>eil for any purpose by the aborigines; ueiihfr was the true potato 

 [Solanum fuvrrd.fum), a native of Chili, cultivated by Xortli American Indians, 

 although iis aboriginal cultivation had extended as far north as Xew (iranada. 

 I'(im/iofa incanidtd was cultivated for its fruit in \'irginia. 



Ill a recent endeavour to trace the northern liniii of the wild grape vine in 

 liritish America, no evidence was found of its having been cared for by llie ah.iri- 

 gines, but rather an indication that before the settlement of tlie country its range 

 as a spontaneous ])lant may have been more extensive than now. Dr. E. L. 8turte- 

 vaiit, however, has recently (' liotauical Gazette,' .Tanuary lrtS4, vol. ix. p. 8) 

 .•alled attention to the occurrence of Vitis C'dlifonitia in rows near I'ort Whipjile, 

 ill Arizona, as evidence that the ancient Pueblo Indians were in the habit of culti- 

 vating it; the great variability of T. Lc.bnmu, in the direction of improved 

 varieties, be regards as evidence of the ancient cultivation of this species. 



Special reference was made to the papers of Professor Gray and Mr. Trumbull 

 in the 'American Journal of Science,' as sources of information. 



7. Exliihillon of I'hotograpJis of Eskimn 7?c/tV>'. 

 By Lieutenant A. W. Gni;i;Ly, U.S.A. 



3. TTabits ami Customs of the Inn of the TTcs-iccH Shove and Point Barrow. 

 Bij Lieutcnaufc P. H. Ray, U.S.A. 



The International Polar Station at Point Barrow, which I had the honour to 

 command, was established nine miles to the south and west of the extreme point, 

 and within one mile of the village of Ooglaamie, which was the native name given to 

 •x small cluster of winter huts, whose population numbered about 130 souls all told, 



Noowook, or Cape, is the name given to a like village situated at tlie extreme 

 [loint, and it has a population of about 150. 



These people were first visited by white men in the year 1820, when the Jaunch 

 of II.M.S. ' Blossom,' commanded by Mr. Elseu, succeeded in reaching Point Barrow, 

 and gave it the name it now bears; 'it was visited by several vessels engaged m the 

 I'rankUn search from 1850 to 1854, and II.M.S. ' Plover,' ( 'aptain Magmrt>, wmtered 

 ill Port Moore, two miles to the eastward of the Point, from 1852 to 18o4. They 

 have been frequently visited by American whalers since, but no party had ever 

 wintered at the coast north of Behring Straits since the departure of the ' I lover 

 until the American expedition took up its quarters there. ^\ e lauded early in 

 Septemlx>r 1881, and the few people we found there gave us valuable assistance in 

 getting our stores up from the beach ; and apart from a few cases of petty thett, 



