GULLS. 



75 



to Hixtl) prlmorioH tipped with wliite, tlit-n bunded with grndually diininiHhing 

 bar» of bluck, wliit-h are wuccoeded by a whitiHh 8paee, while tlu- n-Mt of tho 

 featlier is pearl-;,'ray ; bill ilurk coral-red. Ad. in winter. — " Similar, but head 

 and neck white, the ocoi[)Ut, with orbituj and uuriculur re)^ion«, grayish dusky ; 

 bill and feet dusky, tlie former tii)ped witli oran;;e reddish." »>««//, Jird 

 plumaye. — " Top and sides of the liead (except forehead and lores), back and 

 Hcapulars grayish brown, tlie longer scapulars bordered terminally witli pale 

 grayish buff; wing-coverts bluish gray tinged witli grayish brown; seconda- 

 ries dusky, edged with pale grayish blue and broadly tipped with white; pri- 

 maries dusky, the inner more plumbeous, all broadly tipped with white. 

 Central portion of the rump uniform light hluish gray ; lateral and {wsterior 

 portions of the rump, upjier tail-coverts, entire lower parts, forehead, lores, jmd 

 eyelids white. Bill brownish, dusky termiiudly ; feet brown (in skin).'' W., 

 11-25; 13., l-aO; depth through nostrils, -'i'y ; Tar., l-dO (B., B., and R.). 



liantje. — "Breeds from southern Minnesota and Dakota northward; win- 

 ters in the Southern States, and migrates principally west of the Mississippi 

 Kiver" (Cooke and Merriam). Not found on the .Mlantic coast. 



^Stst, of grasses, etc., in reedy or bush-grown marshes. Hijiii^, one to three, 

 varying from dark chocolate to crcan>y brown and sooty white, irregularly 

 marked with small spots or large blotches of umber, and with obsolete liluo 

 shell markings, 2-12 x 1-40 (I'rcston). 



This inland species reaches our western limits. An excellent ac- 

 count of its habits, by J. W. Preston, will be found in the Ornitholo- 

 gist and Oologist, xi, pp. 54, 55. 



60. Lams Philadelphia ( Onl). Bonaparte's Gri.i.. A<1. in iftmmer. 

 — Whole head aiul throat dark, sooty slate-color; nape and siiles of the neck, 

 under parts, except throat, and tail white; back and wings pearl-gray; first 

 primary, seen from above, white, the outer wel) and tip black (EUg. 60, ^); 

 aecond and third priik aries white, tipped with black ; third to sixth primaries 

 with small whitish tips, then large black spaces, the rest of the feather white 

 or pearl-gray ; bill black. Ad. in winter. — Similar to the preceding, but head 

 and throat white, the back and sides of the liead washed witli grayish. Itn. 

 — Top of the liead and nape and a s[)ot on the auriculars more or less washed 

 witli grayish ; back varying from brownish gray to pearl-gray ; lesser wing- 

 coverts grayish brown, secondaries mostly pearl-gray ; first primary with the 

 outer web, tip, and most of the shaft part of the inner web black ; inner mar- 

 gin of the inner web at the end of the feather narrowly bordered with black ; 

 second and third primaries much the same, but with slightly more black at 

 the ends; tail white, bamled with black and narrowly tipped with white; 

 under parts white. L., U-oo ; W., 10-;i0; T., 4-00; B., 1-1'). 



h'antje. — Breeds from Manitoba northward; apparently no record of its 

 breeding on the .Vtlantic coast, winters southward to the Gulf of Mexico. 



Washington, common T. V., Mch. to May 5; Oct. and Nov. Long Iiiland, 

 common T. V., a few winter, Oct. to Apl, Sing Sing, rather rare T. V., Apl. 

 and Oct. 



Acv^, of sticks lined with grasses, etc., on stumps, in bushes or trees four 



