182 



GROUSE, BOB-WHITES, ETC. 



the warmer region of its range it roosts habitually among the thickets 

 of evergreen. — Ernest E. Thompson. 



800a» B. u. togAtSL (Linn.). Canadian Rifkeo Gkol'se; Pak- 

 TRiDOE. — To ha tlistiii!_'iiisliecl from tlio precediiii.' hy the prevailinj; color of 

 the upper piirtrt, which are ^Tiiy instead of rufous, and t!ie more distinctly 

 barred under parts, the bars (ju tlie breast and belly bein;jf nearly as well dc- 

 tined us those on the side ; the tail is fjenerally ly^ray. 



Rtihije. — iS'ovu Scotia, nortiicrn half of Maine, northern Vermont, New 

 Hampshire, and New York northward and weslssard to Hudson Bay uud 

 Oregon. 



301. TOLgoptia laigopus (Linn.). Willow I'rAKMKiAN. AiL $ in 

 suwincr. — I'revailinj^ color above rii/ous, or black thickly barreil or nu)ttled 

 with rufous and bully or whitish; tail fuscous, tipped with white; middle 

 tail-feathers like the back; tliroat, breast, and sides like the head and iicok ; 

 belly wlute. Ail. 9 /;i «M/rt/«er.— Similar to the male, but the l)ara both above 

 and below broader and more numerous. Winter plunKKje. — Outer tail-feathers 

 as in summer, rest of the i>luma.i,'e white. 1j., lo'UO; W., T'oO; T., ii^o; H. 

 from N., •4'J; dejith of H. at N., 44. 



Jii'nin)'k;s. — Hotli tiiis species and its subspecies (dhni may be distin<,'uis: ed 

 from our other I'tannigans by their more rufous color and larger bills. 



linmje. — " Northern portions of the northern hemisphere, .south in winter; 

 in America to Sitka, Alaska, the Hritisli I'rovinccs, and occasionally within 

 the northern border of the I'nitcd States'' (Ilendirc). 



^AV.«<, on the ground. A;/f/s, seven to eleven, varying from cream-butT to 

 rufou.s, heavily spotted and blotched with blackish, Vl'o x 1"J0. 



This abundant anil characteristic arctic bird does not nest south of 

 central Labrador, but migrates southward in winter to the St. Jjaw- 

 rence, and has once been taken in northern New York and once in 

 New Brunswick. An extended account of its habits will be found in 

 Nelson's Report on Natural History Collections made in Alaska, p. 131. 

 It is quoted by Captain Beudirc in his Life Histories of American 

 Birds (p. 70), where will be found jiractically all we know concerning 

 the habits of this and the following members of this genus. 



sola* Ij. 1. alleni SUjn. Allen's Ptaumioan. — Differs from the pre- 

 ceding in having the "sjiafts of secondaries black, and quIMs (sometimes a 

 few of the wing-coverts also) more or less blotchol or mettled with dusky. 

 Summer plumaircs and yoiuig unknown" (Kidgw.;. 



Rmiiji'. — Newfoundland. 



•' It frequents rocky barrens, feeding on seeds and berries of the 

 stunted plants that thrive in these expo.sed situations" (Merriani, 

 Orn. and OoL, viii, 1883, p. 43). 



302. Iia§^pusrupestrls(^;//^V.). Rock PTARMiriAN; Rookeu. Ad. 

 S in summer.— (iaimval color above )j;ruyish, tlie feathers black basally ; liead 



