KINGLETS AND GNATCATCnERS. 



391 



■e Fig. 57, b.) 

 thu head and 

 f<tinotly innr- 

 itisli ; breast 

 !-53 ; T., •2-43 ; 



>i8 and Penn- 

 llefrlianies to 

 outhern limit 



r Sinp, toler- 

 lerous in fall 



nps, lioles in 

 iliite, spotted 

 ulbus-brown, 



inking what 

 inly as does 

 m1 of a text- 

 introdueod 

 len my best 



x)ut fur tiie 

 cerried way 

 king an in- 

 in tlie bark 

 an ac'coin- 

 y becomes 

 to tlie (lis- 

 ig down to 

 )uzzlc'd in- 

 le changes 

 id gurgles, 

 nswer, and 

 istled ccn- 



•lit I upon 

 came rigid 

 •k of con- 

 woodland 



986. Panu earolinenaifl .'lt/(/, Carolina riiirKAnt^:K.— Similar to 

 the [>recedin;^ ispeeiert, Init HiiiuUer; jireater wiiiij-eovertM //"< niar),'ine<l with 

 whitiMh; wiiii,' and tail-ftuthers with less white on their outer vunes. L., 



400-4-7r>; W., ii-'.'0-2-4«; T., 1-H8-2-12; H., •;50--;t2. 



liaiKje, — Southejwtern United Stales, north to iiiiddio New Jerwey and 

 Illinois; resident fi-oin southern New Jersey southward. 



Washint.'ton, very ooiiiiiion P. H., ]>artifUlat-ly in winter. 



Nvnt^ of grasses, tine strips of bark, feathers, liair, ete., in holes In tVecR, 

 fituiiips, etc. /iV/f/'*, tive to eight, siinilur in eolor to those of /'. atricitpilliis. 



My experience with this sonthern Chickadee has been confined 

 largely to Florida. There 1 found it a comparatively shy bird, with 

 notes quite unlike those of I\ africapt'Uux, Instead of the two clear 

 whistles which atncapil/iis in New Jersey utters, tlie FU)rida bird re- 

 peats four rather tremulous notes, and there Is also a sulistantial differ- 

 ence in its other calls, one of which resembles tlie words M^ M'M/<7i/'r 

 key, my watcher key, 



Mr. C. W. Richmond writes me that at Washington the chick-d-de5 

 call of carolinensis is higher pitched and more hurriedly given than 

 that of africnpillus, and that the whistle consists of three notes. 



Writing from the mountains of North Caroliiui, where both spe- 

 cies occur together, Mr. Brewster says. " In one place a male of each 

 species was singing in the same tree, the low, plaintive tftwee'dee'twuee- 

 dee of the P. enrol' j en sis, contrasting sharply with the ringing tcderry 

 of its more northern cousin " (The Auk, vol. iii, 188(5, p. 177). 



740. Parus hudsonicus For.4. IIidsonian Chickauek. Ad.-^ 

 Crown dull, dark lirowuish gray ; back brownish ashy; wings and luil gray- 

 ish ; throat blaek ; ear-c(n-erts, sides of the neek, breast, and belly white ; 

 sides rufous. 



tiitiKji'. — Northern North .\nierica. from NoVa Scotia, northern New Efig- 

 land, and northern Miehigaii northward; south in winter rarely to Massu- 

 cluisetts. 



Cami)rldge, rare, perhaps only casual, W. V., Nov. 1 to Apl. 1. 



Aiiiit, of moss and felted fur. in holes in trees and stumps. /i';/f/'') "'-^ ^'* 

 Hcveii, not distinguishable froui those of 7*. atrica/iil/u.^, -t'A x -i^O. 



This northern Chickadee is frequently found associated with P. 

 africapilhis. which it resembles in habits, though its notes are quite 

 unlike the notes of that species. 



Family Sylviid^e, Old- World Warblcus, Kinglets, and 



Gnatcatciiers. 



This family is divided into three subfamilies : (1) The Syh-ihirr, or 

 Old-World Warblers, numbering one huntired species, confiiu'tl exclu- 

 sively to the Old World, witli the exception of one s[)ecies found in 

 Alaska; (3) the Re/julina', or Kinglets, of which three of the seven 



I: 



