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184 



THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



found much better preseryed cones, together with seeds, 

 along with the plants of east Greenland, which fully 

 confirmed the determination. At Atanekerdluk in 

 Greenland (about 70° north latitude) this tree is very 

 common. The leaves, and also the flowers and numerous 

 cones, leave no doubt that it stands very near to the 

 modern redwood. It differs from it, however, in hav- 

 ing a much larger number of scales in the cone. The tree 

 is also found in Spitzbergen at nearly 78° north latitude, 

 where Nordenskiold has collected, at Cape Lyell, wonder- 

 fully preserved branches. From this high latitude the 

 species can be followed down through the whole of Eu- 

 rope as far as the middle of Italy (at Senegaglia, Gulf of 

 Spezia). In Asia, also, we can follow it to the steppes 

 of Kirghisen, to Possiet, and to the coast of the Sea of 

 Japan, and across to Alaska and Sitka. It is recognized 

 by Mr. Starkie Gardner as one of the species found in 

 the Eocene of Mull in the Hebrides.* It is thus known 

 in Europe, Asia, and America, from 43° to 78° north 

 latitude, while its most nearly related living species, per- 

 haps even descended from it, is now confined to Cali- 

 fornia. 



With this S. Langsdorfii, three other Tertiary species 

 are nearly related {S. brevifoUa, Hr., S. disticha, Hr., 

 and >S^. Nordenskioldi, Hr.). These have been met with in 

 Greenland and Spitzbergen, and one of them has lately 

 been found in the United States. Three other species, in 

 addition to these, have been described by Lesquereux, 

 which appear to belong to the group of the S. Langsdorfii, 

 viz., S. longifoUa, Lesq., S. angtistifolia, and S. acu- 

 minata, Lesq. Several species also occur in the Creta- 

 ceous and Eocene of Canada. 



These species thus answer to the living Sequoia scm- 

 pervirens ; but we can also point to Tertiary represen- 



* It is Fareilca Campbelli of Forbes. 



