^s* 



TIIK nATIv'ACIIIA t»l" KOKi'll AMIMIICA. 



31 



Protciilii, 

 by direct 



(' various 

 1(1 Cd'cil- 

 iistnic'tcd 



JH iiiidi- 

 inst l»asi- 

 onu'liiiics 

 II' latciiil 

 I, the lit St 



eplln'an- 



tlK'SC, »)I1 



;li sido ol" 

 i(* second 

 led to tlie 

 he second 

 11: ' ilrst, 

 coracoid 

 , and was 

 (I'eniit.vot 

 loiis with 

 , .'57.) 

 IIS of the 



lit. I'kcikIo- 

 mU va Diiiii, 

 Hthiunwuku 



0(hi Ointfl." 



le family 

 da'. Tlie 

 fact that 

 I'liials arc 

 (n tcii'hro- 



id genera 



s iiuiiiber 

 e anterior 

 , from the 



Perinian beds of North America, where there are (iv(i toes in the anterior 

 foot. In the cari)ns there is at least one iiiterniediiim, e.\cei)t in soau' 

 Salamandrida' and JMeurodelidie,* where it is united with the uli ar. . 

 (Jenlr.ile always present. The carpaliii are live in Cryi)tobranchns and 

 Aiiddystoma. and tlirei^ in Pletliodon and Dieniyctylus. In the tarsus 

 then; are three bones in the lirst row, a lar^e tibnlare and intermedium, 

 and ii sniiill tibiale. There is one centrale, as in the (!aii)us. The tarsa- 

 liii nund)er live, except that there are four in tlie Salamandrida' and 

 rieiirodelic'a', where the carjialia are on]/ three. Tiie internal or lirst 

 tibiale is not distal, but lateral in Amblystonia and IMethodoii. It is 

 <listal in Ciyptobranchus. (I'lati s -l."), 40). 



Jkrchpmciit. — The ejj-^s of rrodehi are laid in tli(! water nr on land. 

 In the former (rase tlieyaie attached singly or in small numbers to the 

 leaves of aijuatic plants. In the latter ca.se they are laid in little con- 

 cavities beneath stones or hark. In Desmojiiiathus the albumen con- 

 necting them dries into threads, which hold the eggs together. One of 

 the parents lies by and watches them. In the Atnphiumoideat and tlie 

 Apodal the female coils herself in a cinde over the eggs. 



In the growth of the larva- the branchia' and balancers are lirst devel- 

 oiied, and afterwards the anterior limbs. The posterior limbs follow. 

 Those s[)iracles or iManchial lissuies between the epibranchial bones 

 which support the gills give passage for water from the ]»haryn.\. Then> 

 are no internal gills such as are found in Anura. The branchial pro- 

 ♦•es.ses vary in lonii, but all terminate in IViiiges, in each of which is a 

 va.scular loop. The varieties displayed by larva; of IJrodela as coni- 

 pared with tho.se of genera with permanent branchiie are as follows: 

 (i'latel'.) 



1. .'^t'|it;i witii l)i|iiiiiiiitc liiiiii. 



liaiiii willi iiiuiiy tlirciid like liiiiliri;!- Siren. 



II. .Si'iita witli iiiiiiiimiatc rami. 



A riKliiiiciital inner row of rami ; liiiiliria' tliicad-liko I'lottua. 



III. Scpla with .siinpli' rami. 



.(. Ifami Ion;;, comim'.'^scd ; liiiiliriai (Iciii'iKlcnt from lower cil^ro. 



Fimliria- tliicad-Iike, cxtt'iHliii;; on liotb ()iit( r and inner I'aee of proeecN. 



N(i.(uruH. 

 riuiliria' Hal, loii^, dnelly conliiied lo tlie lower niaiMriu of iiroee.s«. Lar- 

 va- of Sprlrrinn nilur; S. hilinivliis, and (lyriiiojihihis porpliijrilinis. 



Fimbria- few, isiilielavate ruilmlou viiinriis. 



AA. liaiiii loii^:, narrow ; lu-arin;,' liiiiliria' only on the side next tlie liody. 



Fimbria- .simple, Hat, snl)e(|iial AmhIjMoma. 



AAA. h'iinii very .short; liiiibria- extendin^r ,iii ihe vertical nepta. 



Fimbria- in uniiierous rowson tlieed^c ollhe .septa ; .slender, iinlmuK-hed. 



,.,.,, .,, , . /.<irv<i of CIiotidioiKH IcinhroHiiti. 



IV . bepta wit lion t rami. 



'St-pta bearing; flat, thread-like fimbria-, wliieli ariso posteriorly, and arc 

 often divided. T,arv;i frem Simiahmoo, Wa.s)iin;;toii Territory, prob- 

 ably of a Choiidriilifi. 



* /'.'. (/. Mohjv. nili/nris (Dii^es), IHvuuirliihix viridcscius. 

 to. 1'. !|;iy, Ainericjiii Natiirali.st, 1^^-K 

 t Sju-a.sin, EnibryidoKy of tin- Co-eiliidie. 





