

rilK MArifACIlIA ol' NOIM'II AMI'.ltK'A. 





iisiKTl »>r the tliuiiilt :iiitl iiion' r.iicl.N .s|)iii' lilu* till>t'r«'l<'i on llic hit-asl ; 

 tlui IkmI.v is .sHiiu'tiiiii'ssliicldcl with Iiartlciicd points nii liic i'ii,nosili('s, or 

 till) lip smi'oiiii(k'(l liy iiii iii.-licd scrii's ol' coiiicoiis nij;;i'. in tin' l.cp- 

 foddcli/hts pniUolttcfiilKs L;iur. ii lui^f acute processor tlie in. t icarpiil 

 of llie timnil), Plate 7.') (lij;'. .'{L!), jtrojecls inwards, its apex is cov- 

 ered l>y a lioiM.v cap? '""^ '^ is a lorniidahle j;rapplins'liaok to aid llio 

 male ill retainiii;? liis hold. There is added to this in the smiie specties 

 a honi.v plate on each side of the thorax of the male, from wliiiih project 

 three acute p(»iiits. With these lixed in her back and thethnml) spiUe.s 

 ill her breast the leiiiali's cm not escape. Structures like this do not 

 appear in the l^irmisternia. Here the inferior cleineiits of the scapular 

 arch abut a;;ainst each other, so that the thoracic cavity does not (^oii- 

 tract on pressure, and the possibility of the male retainiii}:: a (inn jiiip 

 on the female is thereby j^reatly increased. In tiie Cj/slitpiallnis ixtrln/ 

 /<».stiie males exhibit a permaiient eiilar^cineiit of the brachiiim, depend- 

 ent on lar/i'ely developed antciioi' and iiosterlor ahe of the humerus. 

 ( l'/f/c(Jiinther, Ann. Ma^'. X. II., lS.-)!».) 



The various ways in which the ef;'j;s arc deposited by the female are 

 expressed in the followiii;^ table from IJouleiificr. I add the iieciilliar 

 habit of the ;;ciins Dciidrobates, as observed l»y II. II. Smith in Ibazil. 



I. 'I'lii' ovum in Miiiili ami tlic I.irva leaves it in a cdiniiarati vdy curly I'mliiymiic cini- 



(iil ion. 

 .\. 'flic DVii arc laid in the water. 



I'mliaMy ilic majnriiy ( f jialracliiaiis ; all Kiiroiiean forms cxci'])! .(/(//c;. 

 U. 'I'iie ova are ili'posileil mil of the water. 



((. In lioles on the liaiiks of pools, which ltc<'omc filled with water after 

 heavy rain, thus liheratin;i the l.irva'. 

 I.rplodKftyliin occllaliis K. ; A. musliniiim ISiirm.; Pdliidicola 

 (jrncUi^ I>lfir •' 

 /'. On leaves aliovc the water, the larva' droppinif down when leaving the 



Chivdiitnnlix ri(J\>cciis (ithr, ;t I'htilhtmviliii^a ilirriiign Itljjr. 



II. The yolk-sac i.s very lar^e, and the yonn;;- iindcrjjoc.s the whole or part of the 



metamorphosis within the. c<;e; ; al any rate the larva does 

 not assume an independent existence until after tlii^ loss (d' 

 the external '^UU. 

 A. The ov.T are deposited in damp situations nv on leaves, and the embryo leaves 

 thi> {■>i<x in the jxMl'cct airhrcathinj; form. 

 h'liiiii i)iiixlli(i(tiiii l$ljj;r. ; t UiihiJct iiKirliiiicciisin Dnm. iV liihi'.isS 

 H. The ova .are carried liy the parent. 

 ((. l$y the male. 



((. K'onnd the lce;s ; the youiij; leaves thecnu.- in tlu- tadpole slate. 

 ■ I '.'/''>■!! 



' llcnstd, .Vrch. f. Xatiirj,'. l-i'T, pp. V2i, V-i'J. i:!s. 



t nucUlnd/,, Mon. Ilerl. Ac 1,'7.'>, ii.'.2ei, and IHTtl, p. Til, I'l.ii. 



I ISonleiifier, Trans, /no!. Soc., xii, HSii. p. ,'j1. 



iji liclloy Ksjiinosa, Zooi. (iart., l-'TI, (i. :!.'il : I5avay, Ann. .Sc. Nat. (.">), xvii, 187:?, .irt. 

 1(1 : retcrs \- (i'.iiullach, Mon. I'lcrl. Ac. l,--7(i, p. 7(lit. 



IIDcnionrs, .Mem. Ac. Sc. Paris, 1711, p. Ki : I)c I'lslc dii Drenenf, Ann. .Sc. Nat. ((J), 

 III, IH7t!. art.7. 



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