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THE BATRACIIIA OF NORTH AMERICA. 387 



PllUimSCID.E. 



Cope, Jouru. Ac, Pliila., l!^()7, p. 190. 



[. Tcrmin.al phalanges enlarged at extremity : 



Pupil horizontal ; tympanum distinct ; toes froo.. Splienophrync Ptrs. & Dor, 

 Pupil horizontal ; no niembrauum tympaui ; toos slightly wehhed 



Scaphiophrijne Boul. 



II. Terminal phalanges simple: 

 A. Pupil erect, 



No tympanic disk; toes webbed Mcianohairachus Be' .. 



A. tympanic disk ; prefrontals joining each other and the frontoparietals 



Hypoimchiin Keferst. 



AA, Pupil round. 



A. tympanic disk ; prefrontals continuous ; sclerotica oasilied 



Stereocyclops Cope. 



AAA. Pupil horizontal. 



I, Prefrontals fully developed, forming suture with each other and frontoparietals. 

 Ear p(!rfectly developed ; toe.s webbed ; dorsum covered with a stratum of 



glands (jalophrjinHfi Tschudi. 



II. Prefrontals small, widely removed from each other and from the frontoparietals: 

 A. Ear perfectly developed. 



Two sharp-edged tubercles on metatarsus; toes little webbed; outer toe 



rudi mental ; muzzle simple ...Copea Steind.* 



No tubercles on mijtatarhus; toes slightly webbed, outer r'ldinior.tr.l ; muz- 

 zle simple ; two lobes of tlu^ liver itelopus D. v'^j B, 



Tubercles of tarsus rudimeiital; toes slightly webbed, all well developed; 

 a horizontal ilermal jjroce.ss on extremity of muzzle. /^Ai(io(?er«ia D. &, B. 

 AA. Ear imperfectly develoix'd. 



Toes slightly weblu'd, outer small ; uietatarsus simple ; muzzL- simple; liver 



with two lobes Phfj/iiidiiim Martens. 



Toes slightly webl)(>d, no cutting metatarsal tubercles or dorsal dermal 



shield; three lobes of the liver /'/iri/Hi.WHS Wiegm. 



Toes slightly webbed ; no cutting tubercles ; a dorsal osseous dermal shield, 

 confluent with vertebral apophyses limchncvphaluH Fitz. 



Oi'o species of this fainily has been ob.served in North America. The 

 ili.stribntioii oftiie i^nown sjjecies is as follows : S[>henophr3'ne, 1 species, 

 New Guinea; Bcapiiiopiiryne, 2 species, Ma(hi}jascar; Melanobatrachus, 

 1 species, India ; Il.vpopachns, •'< species, iMexico and CVntral America; 

 Stereocyclops, 1 species, Hra/il ; Calophrynns, 2 species Borneo, I species, 

 iMadajrascar ; ('opea, 1 species, Brazil ; Atelopns, 1 species, ('entral Amer- 

 icii ; Phrynidinm, 11 8i)ecies, Soutli America; Rhinoderma, 1 species, 

 Chili; Pliryniscus, 1 species, South America; Brachycephalus, 1 species, 

 Brazil ; total, 27. 



IIYPOPACHUS Keferstein. 



Giittingen Nachrichten, 18(57, p. 'A^t'i; lioulenger, Cat. Batr. Sal. Brit. Mus., ed. ii, 



lem, p. 159. 



No frontoi)arietal fontanelle. Frontoi)arietal and iirefrontal bone 

 in contacit, concc^alinj? the ethmoid. No omosternum. No dertno-ossi- 



•The sternum of this genus uot having been examined, its position is doubtful. 



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