w 



HOW I'LAMS (i!{()\V VKAK ATirU YKAR. 



23 



pli.-d hy a deposit in tlie setnl ; Albunuii. 3 \. It is Uoj.t in u soli.l form until the embryo starts, mid in 

 tlipii (lissolvfd, turm-d into suK'ur, &c., ntid f.'eiU tlie plantlet. 33. This ilhislnitfd in Whi-ut hihI 

 liiiliiiii Coin. y\ Or else tlie Hiime iiniirisliiiient is d.'i>usitf.l in tli'" ••iiibryo itself, in its seed-lisiv.-N ; 

 ilhistrattd by the Majde. 37, 38. Vuii:ili(.ns of llie hiiine plan of growth in ditfeient plants. Tiie 

 Maple compared with the Mui niiig-Ulory. 30 43. A ^reat abuuilaiiceuf food stored up in the embryo 

 causes a rapiti ami str()nj,'Ki''>wth ; illustrated by the I'.eaii ; 42. l)y the Clifny. Almond, kc. ; 43.44- 

 bv the Horse-chestnut, Acorn, INa, itc. ; in these the seed leaves do not come up in ««* 'niinatiii- ; 

 why. 45. In Indian ( 'orii ; the stock «f food partly in the strong embryo, partly outside of it. 4O. 1 he 

 Union ; its seed-leaf l<-m;thens and comes up, but the strm iievci leii^'thens at all. 



47. Number of cotyledons or seed-leaves in ditferent kinds of plants; iMoiiocotvledonous. 4S. 

 Dicotyledonous; rolycotyledonous. 50. These differences always accompany other ditforences in 

 the plant ; ]\lonocotyleilonous, Dicotyledonous, and I'olycotyletionoiis Plants. 



SixTioN HI. — How Plants Grow Year after Year. 



51. They Grow on as they Began. 'I'lic .scodiinir h.-i.s all tho or«;:ins th.tt any i>laiit 



has — even the lar<;est iiiid oMcst e.\ce|)tiii<^ what hcloiio^s to Itlo.s.soiiis : it has 

 all it needs for its life and ^'fowth, that is, for ve«,'»'tation. Jt has only to p) on 

 and produce more of wliat it alreaily has — more roots lieneath to draw np mor(5 

 moisture from the soil, and more stem ahoxc, hearin*; more leaves, exposing,' a 

 larjLTer surface to the li;.,'ht and air, in whicli to (li<,'est what is takt>n in from the 

 soil and the air, and turn it into real nomishment, that is, into the stiitV which 

 vegetables are made of. So, as fast as a yotin^' |)lant makes new ve<,'etal)le 

 material, it uses it for its <j[rowth ; it adds to its root Ixdow, and to its stem 

 al)ove, and unfolds a new leaf or pair of leaves on every joint. Each joint of 

 stem soon ^ets its fidl length, and its leaf or })air of Iraxcs the full size; and 

 now, instead of ^rowin<^', they work, or prepare nourishment, for the growth of 

 the youn<,'er parts forming' above. 



52, Simple Stems. In this way, piece by piece, the st(Mn is carried up lii<,dier 

 and hitjher, and its leaves increased in number; and tlie more it i:iow.«<, the more 

 it is abl(> to i^row -as we see in a young seedlititr, beoinning fctddy and growinjij 

 slowly for a while, but pushini; on more and more \ ii^nuoii.sly in pro})ortion to 

 the numlier of leaxes and roots it has produced. in this way. Iiy developing 

 joint after joint, each from the summit of its j)redeces.sor, a Siinjili' Stc7)i is made. 

 Many plants make only simple stems, at least until they blossom, or for the fii'st 

 year. The Lilies, figured on the first page, anil corn-stalks, are of this kind. 

 Fig. 51 is a sort of diagram of the sim])le stem of Indian Corn, divided intr) its 

 component pieces, to show how it consists of a set of similar growths, each from 



