now PLANTS AUE PKOPA(iATKI). 



57 



adhores and penorally reniaijis qnift, as it would Imve dono on the parent 

 bough, until the next spring, wImmi it grows just as if it Ix'loMgcd there. 



159. The object of all these ways of ai'tilicial piopagation from buds is to pre- 

 ser\e and to nndtij)ly choice varieties of a sjiccics wliich would not be pei-petuatnl 

 from seed. For as the fruit of all the natural branches is alike, so it remains 

 es.sentially unaltered when boinc by branches which are made to grow as arlilicial 

 branches of another plant, or to take root in the ground as a si'}>arate jtlant. The 

 seeds of an appU; or other fi'uit cannot l)c dcpt'iided upon to reproiluce the very 

 same sort of aj)jih' that is, an ap|>lc of the very same flavour or goodiu'ss. The 

 seeds will always lepi'oduce the same .sy/*v/V.v, but not the i/n/irii/nn/ /i''i'N/i<(ri/ii's. 

 These are [)erpetuiitedinproi)agation from buds. This kind of profiagation is there- 

 fore very important to the cultivator. It takes place naturally in many plants, 



160 By Stolons, OlTsetS, Runners, or Suckers, in ways which have already been 

 described (99 to 103, and Fig. 74). These are all forms of natural layering, and 

 they must have taught the gardener his art in this respect. For he merely 

 imitates Nature, or rather sets her at woi'k and hastens her operati(»ns Also, 



161. By Tubers (74, 75, Fig. 59, 60). 'J'he.se aic underground l)ranches with 

 lively l)uds, w(dl charged with prepared nourishment, rendering tlieui more in- 

 dependent and surer to grow. Potatoes and (jJround-Arti-hokes are familiar 

 illustrations of the kind. They are propagated year after year by their buds, 

 or eyes, being very seldom r-iised from the .seed. Fach annual cro[) of tubera 

 is set free at maturity, l)v the death of all the rest of the plant. 



162. By Corms, Bulbs, and Bulblets; as explained in paragi-aphs 77 and 106 to 

 109. Fig. 76 .shows a corm or soli 1 bulb of Crocus, which itself grew by feeding 

 np(m its parent, whose exhausted remains are seen underneath ; it has already 

 produced a crop of buds, to grow in tlieir turn into another generation of coi-ms, 

 consuming their parent in the proces.s. Bulbs produce a crop of new l>ulbs 

 from buds in the axils of some of their .scales. Tulips, Daffodils, and (Jarlics 

 propagate ver\ freely in this manner, not only keeping up the succession of 

 generations, but multiplying greatly their numbers. 



II 



I 



Analysis of the Section. 



154. riiints multii)ly as well :is grow. 155. In two Wiiys ; all plants by seeds, many by buds. 

 156. Most kinds may be i)ropagatfd by buds artificially. 157. I'y Layers and Slips or Cuttinj;s. 158 

 By Grafting or ]5udiling. 159. Object gained by tliis mode of propagation. 160. It takes place 

 naturally, by Stolons, Offsets, &c. 161. By Tubers. 162. By Corms, Bulbs, and Bulblets. 



4 



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