I'HriT. 



Si 



218 



244. Aggregated Fruits are dose dusters of simple fruits all of the same aowci-. 

 The rasplx'rry and the hlackherry are «ron(l oxauiples. hi these, each grain is 

 a di'Ujii-h'l or stone-fruit, like a cherry or [(cadi on a very siinill scale. 



245. Accessory Fruits are those in which tiie Hesli or conspicuous part l)d()n<;s to 

 some accessory {i.e., addctl or altered) ])art, sef)arate from the seed-vess(d. So (hat 

 what we eat as the fruit is not the f i-tiil at all in a strict botanical sense, l»ut a calyx, 

 receptacle, or somethiuiL; else which surrounds or 



accompanies it. Our connnon checkerherry is a 

 simj)le illustration. Here the so-called })erry is a 

 free or separate calyx, wliicli after tlowcrin^ he- 

 comes thick and fleshy, and encloses tlu' true seed- 

 ves.sel, as a siiuill pod within. Fi;.,'. 218 shows the 

 younij pod, partly covered hy the loose calyx. ¥'\\i. 

 219 is the ri{)e cheekei-herry, cut throu<rh the middle len«rthwise, the calyx now 

 thick, juicy, and eatable, and eidarijed so as to enclose tiie snuill, dry pod. 



246. A Ii(/sr-/i/j) (Fig. 220) is a kind of accessory fruit, looking like a pear or a 



liaw. I>ut it consists of the tube of the cnlyx, lined 

 by a liollow rece[>ta(de, which bears the real fruits, 

 or seed-vessels, in the form of bony akenes. Fig. 

 221, a rose-hi[> when in flower, cut through length- 

 wise, shows the whole })lan of it : the pistils are svini 

 attached to the sides of the m-n-shaped receptacle, 

 and their styles, tipped with the stigmas, [)roject a 

 little from the cavity, near the 

 stamens, which are borne on 

 the rim of the deep cuj). 



247. A Stfdirhi ri'ij is an ac- 

 cessory fruit of a difTerent shape Fig. 3 -'2 is a forming one, 

 at flowering time, divided lengthwise : below is a ])art of the 

 calyx ; above this, a large oval or conical receptacle, its w liole 

 surface covered with little pistils. In ripening this grovv.s 

 vastly larger, and becomes juicy and delicious. So that, in fact, what is called a 

 berry is only the receptacle of the flower, or the end of the flower-stalk, grown 

 vjry large and juicy, and not a seed-ves.se' at all, but bearing plenty of one-seeded 

 dry seed-vessels (akenes, 229), so small that they are mistaken foi- seeds. 



•2'JO 



Rose-liip. 





22. Vouiit; StrawL.'iry. 



1; 



