NAMKI), AM> .srillUKI). 



99 



317. Ii«'t UH now iiitrodiu't' •mi' |ni|iilM (f> tlif I'^ipnlur F/ora, l»y wliidi thry 

 limy s(u<ly tliu couiiiiun plants tlicy iiicft with, iiikI liixl out tlirir struct iirt* tin<l 

 tiifir naiiu'H. 



Skctk^n IV. -How to Study Plants by tho Popular Flora. 

 318. Directions for Gathering Specimens to Examine, (iatlicr sprcimrns with tloworH, 



flower -hiids, ami also with tiuits, rithcr t'oiiiiin^ or full ^rown, when all tlu-no 

 uri' to !)♦« ha<l at tla* same tiiin'. as tlu'V fiu'ijurntly hit, at h'list in lu-rhs, ♦•xcrpt 

 in spring'. SoiiM'tiiiu's tlu' rniiains of lant yrar's fruit uvv to !•»• fuuiiil, mouj^h 

 to t«'ll what tilt' kiml <»f fruit was. \'»'rv often th«' natiiii' of the fruit ean ho 

 told iM'foreiminl, from the pistil, either at (loweiiii^'-tiiiif or .soon after. How- 

 ever, most of our eoiiiiiion plants nuiy he nunle out from the hlossoms an<l leaveH 

 onlv. Small iierh.s shouM he taken up hy the roots. 



319. Spt'fiinens which are to he ke|»t for some t iuu', or carried to some di.H- 

 taiice heforo they ar«' studied, shouM he put at once into a closr shut t in^' tin 

 ho.x. where they will keep Ion;; without witheiiii^'. Iiotanical hoxes are mado 

 for tiu' jiurpose. A caiidle-hox, or any tin hnx with a lid, and of convenient 

 si/e for cariyinir. will answer. 



320. For Examining Plants to make out the strueturo of the (lowers, fruits, \c., 

 the instruments most needed are — 



A sharp, thin hladeil pocket-knife, such as a common penknife, for making 

 sections or slices ; 



A pair of small forceps, which, althou^di not always lu-cessary, are very con- 

 venient for h(ddiu^' little j)arts : and 



A hand inier()NCo|)e or ma^nifyin^'-^dass, such as may he purchased for a 

 dollar or less. A siiijijie ^dass, mounted in liorn, or in nu'tal, and (for ciirry- 

 iii^' in the p(tcket) shuttinjL; into a ca.se of the same material, which serves as a 

 hauille when open, is the commonest and he.st for our purpose. 



A Ktand-microscoj)e is a most convenient thin^', when it can he had. Tliis ha.s 

 a fflass .sta^'e under the lens or majKuifyin^ ^la.ss, on wjiich small flowers, or their 

 parts, may he laid. 'Jhis h-avcs hoth hands free for di.s.sectin^ f)r displaying 

 the miiuite parts, with needles mounted in handles, while the eye is examining 

 them under tlu; microscope. Common needles, mounted in the l»oiie liaiuUeH 

 used for holding crochet needles, are very convenient, and co.st little. A com- 



't 



n 



