l^ 



Nil 



I 



11 



130 



I'Ol'ULAIi I'LOKA, 



Mignonette. /u.sr</.f. 



Sepals .} to 7, ^i,n'i'ii, iii>t talliiii; oil', opoii in tlio l»uil. I'titalH 4 tn 7, uiioiiuul, on broad cliiws, tlio 

 Hiuall blade cU-ft as if cut into st-vi'ial narrow slips, StamtMiH 10 or moio, boiiit! on an t'ldai^jeincnt of 

 tlio roccptncK', turiiod to one sido of tin* blossom. Tod sliort and broad, i-cellod, dividiii;,' at tlin 

 top into 3 tod horns, opciuiij; between the lioi'ns lonj; before tlie seeils are I'ipe. 'i'lie seeds aro kidiiey- 

 sliiped, n\unerous, ami parietal, tliat is, borne aloii;- the walls of tlie pod. lierbs with alternate 

 loaves and huu\\\ dull looking flowers crowded in a lacenie <>r spike. 

 I. Common IMiiJNONKITK. Low and spreading ; leaves some entire, otln-rs 3-cleft ; sepals and petals 



or 7. Cultivated for i*,s very frai;rant small llowers. Ji. oilnnilc. 



a. Dvku's-Wkkd. Stem simple, upright, j' iiigli ; leaves all entire, broadly lanoe-shaped ; sepals and 



petabs .}. A weed along roadsides in some places ; used for dying yellow. It. LutioUi. 



> 



12. VIOLET FAMILY. Onl.r VIOL.VCK.E. 



Ilerba with 5 se{>;il>*, 5 ju'tal.^*, and 5 .><liinu'iis bonic on tli'- rert'ptacle, tlio lower petal 

 rather dill'erent I'roiu tlie ve.^t ami enlar^'ed at tlu' hottniu into a iiinjecrtiii;.; sac or spni'. 

 Stamens very short and bioad, the aiitht'i\sa little united l>y their eil,i,'es arounil the pistil. 

 Pistil I. with I style. Pod i-eellod, with three rows of .•-eeds on its walls, Leaves with 

 stipules. Hoots and juice rather acrid. The coinuioii plants of the laniily belong to 

 tlie genu.s, 



1. Violet. Viola. 



Flower nodding on the summit of the llower-stalk. Stylo club-shapoil ; stigma bent over to one 

 side. Flowering in spring, and some sjiocies continuing to blos.soni all summer. 



• Stemless species, i.e., leaves and naked tlower-stalks all from rootstocks on or under ground. 

 +- Oarden species from Kurope spreading by runners or rootstocks above ground. 



1. SwKKT or EN(!I.'sn Vioi.kt. Leaves pmnded heartshapetl ; flowers blue-purple, also a white 



variety, very fragrant. Cultivated, generally doiible-tiowered. V. odnrata. 



+- +- Wild species, with tufted and tloahy uneven rootstocks. Flowers short-spurred. 



+ <■ Flowers purple <jr blue, nearly scentless. 



2. Common IIhe V. Flowers pretty large ; side-petals beardeil , leaves on loiiguiiright stalks, hcnrt- 



shapod or kidiiey-slia|ied, the siiies at the bottom rolled in when young, slightly toothed, or in 

 the iobed or //(J/((/-/(7J/' variety cleft or parted in various <legrees. I^ow grounds. V. cucuUiitn. 



3 H.MUY V. Leaves short-stalked and Hat on the ground ; flowers smaller ; otherwise like the last. 

 Dry soil. S. and W. V. rilloMt. 



4. Aiuunv-I.KAVED V. Plarly leaves on short and margined footstalks, oblong-heart-shaped, halberd- 



shaped, arrow-shaped, lance-oblong or ovate. Varying greatlj', hairy or sinoothish ; side petals or 

 all of them bearded ; flowers large for the size of the plant. Dry or moist ground. T'. miiittttta. 



5. r. ud's-foot V. Leaves cut into line linear lobes : petals lilac-purple, large, beardless. l\Ioist 



sandy soil. V. pcdata. 



+ T •»+ Flowers small, white, faintly sweet-scented, the lower petal streaked. Small, in damp soil. 



6. Bi^WD V. Leavesrounded heart-shaped or kidney-shaped; petals without any beard. V.blanda. 



7. rKlMKOiiK-LK.\VEn V. Leaves oblong orovate; side-petals generally bearded. V. primula'fdlia. 



V 



