^vr 



202 



I'uriLAU FI.(JUA. 



'i f I 



85. OAK FAMILY. Onltr CUPULIFKR.K. 



Trees or shrubs, with alteriiatt' juhI siiiijtlc striii;:ht-vi'iiicil U'livt's, deciiluons stipules, 

 ninl iiiiUKrciniis lldWcrs ; llic >i(Miht llowcrs in slender ciitkiii-; (or in licatl-likc clusicrH 

 in tlic Httecii) ; \hv li'ililt; ilower.-f .-uiroinnlL'd wiih an involucre which forms acup, bur, 

 or ba;^ around the luit. 



Fci tilo lldwers sciitterctl, or 2 or 3 t(),i;('tlier, tlu'ir 



Involucri" i-fl()\vt'itil, of niaiiy little scnlcs, forniiiiij a cup arouml tlio base of tlie 



hard imd roundish imt or nooni (Ki;:. :o5\ {Qiirrcua) Oak. 



Involucre containing 2 or 3 floweis, btHoniini,' a voi y ]prickly iind closed bur enclos- 

 ing tlie nuts, and splitting into 4 thick ]iieci's. 

 Nuts I to 3, roundish or Hattish, thin-shelled. Sterile catkins long, (C(iHti'inea) Chestnut. 

 Nuts 2, sharply 3-arigled. Sterile catkins like a litml like (duster, {Fhoiik) IiKI-X'H. 



Involucre a leafy cup, lol)ed or torn at the end, lunger than the bony nut, (LYiriiliiH) Hazki,. 

 Fertile tloweis also collected in a kind of calkin. Nut small like an akene. 



Inv(ducre an open 3-lohed leaf, 2-Hiiwered, {('(tr/ilniin) HohnhkAM. 



Involucre a closed bladdery bag, i-tlowercd, the wliide calkin making a fruit like 



u hop in general appearance, (OstriKt) lIur-IIouNHEAM. 



Oak. Qito-ciix. 



* Acorn ripening the first year; therefore borne on shuots of the season : cups stalked, except in 



No. 2 : kernel generally sweet-tasted. 



I. OvEUCl'P or I>t'l{ Oak. Leaves obovatc. siiiuate-])iiinatifid. whitish-downy l)encath ; acorn i' or 

 i.y long, in a deep cu]) with a mossy-fringed buidei . Q. iniicii>rdr}i<t. 



3. I'OST Oak. Leaves oblong, ])ale and rough above, greyishdow ny bei.eath, ]>innatitid, with 3 to 

 7 blunt lobes; cup saucer-shajjed, much shorter than tlie acorn. Small tree. Q. nhtiinUoha. 



3. AVniTIC Oak. Leaves smooth when full grown, pale beneath. piiinatiti<l : the lobes 5 tog, oblong 



or linear, entire : cup much shorter than the oval or oblong acorn. Rich woodi*. ^>. alhii. 



4. SWAMI' ('tIKSTNi'T-()AK. Leaves obovate, whitish-downy beneath, coarsely and I)lunt1y toothed or 



sinuate ; cuji thick, hemispherical, with stout or pointed scales ; acorn oval. 1' long. Q. i'l-iinm^ 



5. Yki.i.oW CnicsTNl'T Oak. Leaves lance-oblong, or oblong, acute, whitish, but scarcely downy 



beneath, rather sharply and eveidy toothed ; cup thin, and acorn smaller than in No. .}. Hich 

 woods. Q, ('(ititihiat, 



6. ('MiNiit'AriN Oak. Much like No. 4, but a mere shrub, 2"' to 6^ high, with a thin cnj) and a 



smaller acorn. Sandy, barren soil. Q. jiriiKudci, 



* * Acorn ripening in the autumn of the second year ; ripe fruit therefore on wood two years old, 



sessile : kernel bitter. 



+- Leaves entire or neaily so. narrow. 



7. LiVK Oak. Leaves thick, evergreen, hoary beneath, oblong, small. Sea-coast, S. Q. vircns, 



8. Willow Oak. Leaves light green, smooth, lance-linear, tapering, 3' or 4' lung. S. and W. 



Q. PhcUvS. 



9. Shinglk or L.VUREL O.VK. LtMives shining above, rather downy beneath, lance-oblong, thickish ; 



cup saucer-shaped ; acorn globular. Common S. and "NV. Q. inibricdria. 



