SAUIIACKNIA — riTCIIKU-PLANT. 85 



grctii ; niipjlos cmargiiuitp, tho siimll, hooked sti^^mas projecting down- 

 Wfvril from the angles of tho notches. S;?apo siniijle, sniootli, about 1 foot 

 liigli, surrounded at its base by a cluster of about half si dozen leaves, 

 wliich are pitclier-liko in form, upon short clasping jx-tiolcs, dilated 

 al)ov<', and tciMuinated by an erect, round, heiirt-shaped hood, lined with 

 still' bristly hairs, pointing downward. The openings of the le;ues are di- 

 rected upward in such manner as to (lollec^t rain-drops, and thdr cavities 

 nre generally about full of Avatcr. A fnlly developed leaf will contain a 

 half ounce or more of liquid. Owing to the downward direction of tho 

 hairs lining tho mouths of the pitchers, insectts falling into them aro 

 unable to get out, and it has been contended by some that the i)Luit 

 derives a part of its nourishment by a sort of digestion of insects thus caj)- 

 turod and drowned. The Howers are proi]uced v.i June. 



IMtiiat. — In cold bogs and marshes, from Hudson's Bay to Florida. 

 Quite common about the margins of ponds in tamarack swamps, 



Sarracenia fluVa Linne. — Traiiipii-lraf, Waldn'x. 



JJcacriptioii. — Leaves erect, 2 to '>\ feet long, trumpet-shapod, narrowly 

 Avinged ; lamina 3 to -4 inches wide yellow, erect, orbicular, slender- 

 pointed, tomentose ■within, leddish at tho base, or reticulated with purple 

 veins. Scapes as long as tho leaves. Flowers 4 to 5 inches wide, yellow, 

 appearing in April and May. — Cluipman. 



Sarracenia variolaris Mkhmw. —Spoiled Trumpci-Lcaf. 



De.srriptUm. — Loaves erect, trumpet-shaped, broadly winged, sjiotted 

 with white near tho yellowish summit ; lamina ovate, concave, an^hing 

 over tho oritico of the tube, hairy and reticulated with purple veins 

 Avithin. Flowers 2 inches Avide, yellow, on sc'apes shorter than the leaves, 

 api)earing in IM-iy.— Cluipman. 



Ilubitrif. — The two species of j'clloAv-ilowcrod sarracenia grow in low, 

 wet pine barrens, from North Carolina to Florida and Avestward. 



Parts Used. — The rhizom'^ and rootlets — not official. 



Consfifni-nts. — Analyses of these plants by ditlerent chemists have 

 yielded ditforent results. Professor U. C. Shop ird found " an acid f)r au 

 acid salt, and also an astringcuit property, due neither to tannic nor gallic 

 acid, and a salt of some alkal )id, related perhaps to cinchonia, Avhich, 

 should it prove uoav, may be called sarraceniu " (Porcher). Stan. Martin 

 obtained a bitter alkaloid, sarraccniiia, Avhose sulphate is crystalliziible, and 

 F. Schmidt isolated an acid yellow coloring matter, sanwu'nic acid. So 

 far as ascertained, the proximate principles obtained by analysis have not 

 been subjected to therapeutic experimentation. 



Preparationii. — There are neither official nor commercial pi'eparations. 

 The powdered root may be administered in substance, or a tincture or in- 

 fusion may be employed. 



Mddicnl Prnpertii'!^ and Use.^. — According to Dr. Porcher, sarracenia is 

 used to a considerable extent in the Southern States as a bitter tonic and 



