142 RO.SACE.E. 



than the preceding. Leaves 3-foliate, or pedately 5- to 7-foliate ; leaflets 

 oval or ovate-laneeolato, mostly acuininato, thin, nearly smooth, sharjjly 

 (;ut-.serrate. Flowers racemose, appearing in May ; the fruit ripens in July 

 and August. 



llubUal. — Rocky hills, and old, neglected fields. "Widily distributed, 

 l)ut much less common than the preceding. 



Rubus trivialis Michaux. — Luic-JiKsk Jllackbcrry. 



Dcticriplion. — Cdyx : teeth retlexed. Corolla : petals hroadly obovate, 

 more than twice the length of the cal^'x, white. Fruit large. 



Stem shrubby, procumbent, armed with bristles and prickles. Leaves 

 3-foliate or i)edately ^-foliate, evergreen, coriaceous, nearly glabrous ; leaf- 

 lets ovate-oblong or lanceolate, sharply serrate. Peduncles 1- to 3-flow- 

 ered ; flowers large, appearing in March ; the fruit ripens in 3Iay. 



Jlabilat. — In sandy s(nl from Virginia to Florida and westward. 



Rubus strigosus Michaux. — lied L'asjjberry. 



Jh'.scription. — Cdyx spreading. Coi'oUa : petals erect, about as long as 

 the calyx, white. Fruit an aggregation of drupes, which falls from th' 

 sj)ongy, conical rece})tacle at maturity ; light red, sweet and juicy. 



Stems biennial, ujiright, armed with still' bristles. Leaves 3- to 5-foliate ; 

 leaflets oblong-ovate, acuminate, cut-serrate, whitish-downy imderneath. 

 Peduncles axillary and terminal ; the flowers appear from June forward, 

 and the fruit riiiens throughout the sunuuer. 



Jlabilat. — Common everywhere aloui;' the borders of woods and in old 

 fields. 



Rubus occidentalis Liim^'. — lilach Rmpbcrry, Thlmbleberry. 



Description. — Calyx : teeth reflexed. Corolla : i:)etals shorter than the 

 sepals, white. Fruit similar to the preceding, but composed of smaller 

 drupes, purple-black, sweet and juic}-. 



Stems biennial, recurved, armed with hooked prickles. Leaves 3-foli- 

 ate, rarely 5-foliate ; leaflets ovate, acuminate, doubly serrate, Avhitish- 

 dowuy underneath. Flowers in axillary and terminal clusters, ai^ijearing 

 in May ; the fruit ripens in June and July. 



i7«/;i7«/. — Common along old fences and in clearings from Canada to 

 Georgia and westward. 



l\irl!i Uticd. — The bark of the root of It. villosus, It. Canadensi-^, and It. 

 trivialis: — official name : Rubus — United Slale.^ Pharmacopoeia. The fruit of 

 It. strigosus and E. occidenlalis is permitted by the Pharmacopoeia to be used 

 instead of that of the official species. It. Id<mis Linne. 



Con^lituentx. — Blackberry root contains tannin as its chief and most 

 important constituent. 



Paspberries and blackberries are among the most important of indigen- 

 ous small fruits. Though possessed of no strictly medicinal virtues, the 

 former are used in the preparation of a syrup which is employed as a pleas- 

 ant vehicle. 



