CIIIMAIMIILA — PIPSISSKWA. 11)7 



Labrador tea fippparw to bo loss urtivo than tlio otli(>r spoficH, Imt 

 otliorwiso not (UlVrniit t'l-oii: it. It, is aaicl to have buou iwinl ilurinj^ the 

 llovulution ii8 u Bubstittito foi* tea. 



CHIMAl'IIILA.— Pii'HiMrtKWA. 



Chimaphila umbellata Nut tall — /V//ur'.>< Pine, Pipst'usnra. 



J)i;.<('n)ihi>ii. — C.ily\ a p.uUil, Inu i'l'oiii tlic ovarv, piir.sistoiit. Corolla: 

 petals 5, concave, orbicular, widcly-Hpreadiut,', distinct. Stamens 10 ; lil- 

 ttuients enlarj^dd and hiiry in the middle ; anthers more or less 2-horiu'd 

 lit the baH(!, which, by inversion, becomes the apparent apex. Styles very 

 short, invev.-iely (ionical, nearly immers(Hl in the depressed summit of the 

 jflobular ovary ; stijjfma disk-shaped, the border 5-crinate. I'od depressed- 

 globular, fi-celled, i")-v;dved, splitlin;^ from the apex <lo\vn\vard. 



A low, nearly herijuceous, evergreen plant, with long ruiuiing under- 

 ground stems, and short, ascending, leafy braiKihes, 4 to 10 inches high. 

 Le, . '38 evergreen, thick and shining, cuneatedanceolate, acute at the base, 

 sharply serrate, whorled or scattered. Flowers white cu" purplisli, fra- 

 grant, coryndied or luubc^lled on a terminal jjeduncle, appearing in June. 



ILihitdl. — In dry woods ; conjmon. 



Chimaphila maculata Pursh. — Spotted Wintenjreen. 



Dene •iplion. — Headily distinguished from the preceding by its leaves 

 alone, which are ovate-lanceolate, obtuse at the base, remotely toothed, and 

 have the upper surface; variegated wi'h white. 



Uabllut. — Dry woods ; less connnon than the preceding. 

 Part Uiml. — Tlie leaves of C nmbellata — Uiuted StalfK Pliarmacopw.ia. 



CoN.s7t/aej</.s. ~-Cliemi(!al analysis, as yet, has thrown little light upon 

 the therapeutic, activity of chimaphila. Besides the common eonstituei ^s 

 of plants there have been foiuid in it a i)ecu];ar crystalline substance, 

 termed chhiKipliHiii, which, however, does not ai)peiv'' to be the active prin- 

 ciple ; the latter has not been isolated. 



JVeparalions. — Extractum chimaphiLe tluidum — fluid extract of chi- 

 maphila. — United Stales l'harmaco2)(xia. A decoction is also elKcient and 

 sometimes preferable. 



Medical Propniie.-< and f^(!.s. — Cliimaphila, in its action, closely resem- 

 bles uva-ursi, and is used for like purpO!::'^s. Its tonic properties are saiil 

 to render it especially u.seful in scrofulous aftections. Like uva ursi it is 

 beneficial hi cltronic affections of the urinary organs. C. maculata is said 

 to resemble it both in constituents and in therapeutic activity. 



AQUIFOLIACEiC. 



Character of the Order. — Shrubs or trees with simple, mostly alternate 

 leaves, and 4- to 8-raerous flowers. Stamens as many as the lobes of the 

 corolla, alternate with them, and inserted upon their base. Ovary free, 



