272 LILIAOE.E. 



iitionrrH, and i.s lu{,'lily CHtoonird l»y tliom as a hj'dragoguo cathartic, an 

 iiltcrativo, Hiulagoguc, ver'nifuge, ami diuretic. 



LiLIACE^. 



(Diarartcr of fhr Order. — Horbs, rarely woody plants, with bulbs, corms, 

 viiizomcH, or fibrnuH rools, simple, Hliciifliiii^' or clasping loavf.s, and regu- 

 lar llowcr.s. I'orianth colored, of (i divi.sions or (l-deft ; staniens (i ; ovary 

 ;{-(!cllcd ; Htylt! single ; stigma himplo or 3-lobed. Fruit 3-colled, capsular 

 or Hucculonl. 



A very largo order in temperate and tropical regions. Many of them 

 are actively emetic, cathartic, etc., while otluors, as the onion and garli". 

 arc edible. 



TUILLIUM.— TnuEK-i.K.vvEn NuiiiTHUAnE. 



Character of the Genutt. — Divisions of the jx^rianth in 2 scries, the 

 outer 3 (sepals) lanceolate, spreading, often loUacecms, jiersistent ; the 

 inner 3 (petals) liu'ger, colored, withering. Anthers on short iilaiuoits, ad- 

 nate. Styles or sessile stigmas 3, separate down to the ovary, persistent. 

 Ovary 3- to fi-angled. Fruit an ovate, 3-celled, many-seeded berry. 



Perennial herbs with a simple stem rising from a short thick rhizome, 

 and be:iring a whf)rl of 3 leaves and a single terminal llower. 



Trillium erectum Linne. — Jldhroot, Jliilhrnul, Widr-Hohin. 



Desrnplioii. — Flower on a slender, erect or inclined pedunc^le, 1 to 3 

 inches long. Petals ovate, acutish, dark purple, spreading, withering, a 

 little longer than the sepals. Leaves dilated-rhoniboidal, about as broad 

 as long. It blooms in May. 



A variety of this species [mr. albniii Pursh — T. i)ctulalum Alton) has 

 the petals greenish-white Oi' yellowish. 



Ilahi/al. — In rich woods ; common. The variety is found in similar 

 locations. 



Trillium grandiflorum Salisbury. — Large While Wale-Robin. 



Descrl/tli(\ji. — Flower on a slender erect or inclined peduncle, 2 to 3 

 inches long. Petals obovate, spreadixig, 2 to 2\- inches long, much longer 

 than the sepals, white, changing to rose-color and finally withering. 

 Leaves rhomboid-obovate, longer than broad. It blooms in June. 



Hahilat. — In rich woods from Vermou' to Kentucky, Wisconsin and 

 northward. 



The above described species of trillium will serve to illustrate the ge- 

 nus. There is probably littk; diflercnce in the activity of any indigenous 

 species, and all are collected indiscriminately. 



Parts 'Used. — The rhizome and rootlets — not official. 



Constituents. — In addition to common vegetable constituents, as starch, 



