August 9, 1917. 



The Florists^ Review 



17 



fruit is boiiiff picked, and just at a time 

 when hij;i' piitos could bo obtained. In 

 order to have ])lants in bearing covering 

 that i)eriod, the fruit wouhl liave to be 

 set during the darkest months of the 

 year November, December and January. 

 Tlie weather conditions iluring that 

 perioil render it impossible to obtain a 

 setting of fruit in sullicient quantity to 

 make it ]>ay, as experiments conducted 

 at Macdouald College proved beyond 

 doubt. 

 Treatment of Fall and Winter Crops. 



In liaiulling plants for fall and winter 

 croi>s the seeds are sown in Hats of 

 sandy soil, June 25, as before stated. 

 When large enough the seedlings are 

 pricked off, four inches apart, in flats of 

 good, loamy soil, and shaded until estab- 

 lished. The plants then are exposed to 

 full sunlight in an airy house, the plants 

 liaviug ample room in these flats until 

 August ]. A week at least before that 

 the spring and summer crop will have 

 flnislied, giving ample time to empty and 

 refill the benches, when planting can be 

 done direct from the flats, thus saving 

 time and material in i)otting and caring 

 for them while in pots. Plants from the 

 other sowings have to be grown along 

 in pots until space is available for them, 

 and we have found that 3-inch pots are 

 large enough to carry the October-sown 

 plants until ])lanting takes place the 

 second week in January; while the De- 

 cembei»-sown plants, which arc to re- 

 place violets, will require 414-inch pots 

 to carry them in good shaj^e. 



For bench soil a good sandy loam per- 

 haps is best, but experience has shown 

 me that a good crop can be grown on a 

 variety of soils. One year wo hail to 

 use ordinary soil from the fi«dd, 

 which, when watered, ran togetiier 

 like cement. On another occasion 

 two of the best crops we have 

 had were grown on soil which had 

 grown carnations for two years. 

 I therefore feel safe in saying that if 

 good drainage is provided and all other 

 details in the growing are attended to, 

 any variety of soil will do, with the 

 possible exception of heavy clay. In 

 filling tiie l)enclies with fresh soil the 

 grower should not add too much nuuiure 

 or fertilizer, as this is apt to encourage 

 too rank a growth, which is not desirable 

 in the early stages of growth. I'eeding 

 can l>e quite freely given after the 

 plants have .set their fruit. 



Benches, Spacing and Staking. 



With all fruiting crops the maximum 

 amount of sunlight is most CPsential. 

 especially during the time of year when 

 the day is short, the s>in is low aui! 

 roofs are apt to be coated with frost 

 aiul snow. The nearer tht^ jdants are 

 to the glass in reason, tlH> better are 

 the light conditions obtained. This, of 

 course, will depi'ud to a large extent on 

 the type of house use<l. In an up-to-date 

 lious<> (if the u bar type the ground 

 lieiuli will be (piite suitable. In ridge 

 and furrow houses raised benches would 

 be preferable, esjiecially for the spring 

 and summer croji, as the setting of the 

 oarly trusses of fruit takes place during 

 February and the early part of March. 

 Any type of bench will suit the other 

 two crops, as the setting of fruit lakes 

 place during fine wenliier. 



In order to arrive at something 

 definite in the m;itter of distances be- 

 tween plants, experiiru'iits were •■(in- 

 ducted at the college for several years. 



IJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliilllllllllillllllllllllllllllP' 



I WHO'S WHO }S»r AND WHY | 



^llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliillllllllllllllllllllilllllMllliT 



CHARLES H. TOTTY. 



TO those who know Totty only tlirouyli his writings in 'I'iie li'e\ic\\, the poitrait will 

 seem characteristic hccause of the environment a Iioum' ot fine nnuns liut to 

 those who also know the man from association with !iim it will seem ciiaraiferistic 

 because it shows him with his ccit olV. For Totty 's coat always is off in tlie figurativ(^ 

 sense — there is n(» more indelai i^Mlde worker tor tiie Mcnenil welfare of the trade. 

 Because of his experience and aiiiiity he is to be t'oiind wherever the wdrk is h(\-iviest, 

 for flower show or traile society - it' ni<H|.sty pn^xents hi< \(dunteeiing for sorut^ con 

 spicuous service he is sure to be drafteil. Horn at Shriijishire, Kiij^land, in l^T.'i, edu- 

 cated as a private gardener and in biisine-^s for himsell' at Madison, \. .!., ■-ince lOO.'l, 

 ho is utnisually well e(iui|ipe(| to ser\e the ti.-nh'. and lii< tiieu.l-, phiii to [ilace jiim iu 

 the presidency of the S. A. I', lor llUS. 



the results show ing that . tioiii a i-onmier- stroii;^- enough without the 



port lit 



cial staiid|ioiiit. jdants s|iace.l ei;,diteeii the middle wire, Imt tlie\ doiililed u| 

 to twenty inches apart each way g;i\e 

 the l.aigest yieht per >ipiare t'oot. In 

 planting the fall and winter cro]! ^et the 

 jdants eieJitccn inches a pa it , as excel- 

 lent weather condition-^ obtain 'luring 

 the S(^ttiiig jieriocl. With the siPi'iiit; .-ind 

 early >ninuier croji --et the jdants twcnt\- 



under the \vei;;lit ot' fruit. We ha\e 

 iie\er trie(| to sujiport tlieui with binder 

 twine or otiiei- -trong cord. Init it ^-eenis 

 '" ine that if four lon;:it udinal wires 

 were ^tretihc(|, binder twine Wduld do 

 iiic(d\. One advantage tlii< t'orui nl' 

 staking woul.| ha\c over aiiv other 



iiudies ajiart, on account oi' the le<s would be the rajdditv with which a 



fa\or;!ble conditions during tlu' early 

 jierioci of their L;r<'\\'h- 



Staking should be doiu' as sofiu a 



house c-iiiiM I,,' (deaned out. The strinj,'s 

 would sirii|dy be ,-iit and everything 

 thrown out, whereas in u^inj- stakes all 



jMwsible aft(>r jdanting. for when the ties luddiiig the jdants liav. t.. be cut 

 plants are small tlie work is more raj>- 

 idly accomplished. At the college we 

 use n/fi wire stakes clijijied to two longi- 

 tudinal wires, these giving an exc(dlent 

 sujijiort. Haniboo can(^s have also beiMi 

 tricil out, thinking that thev w;.uld be 



an. I clijis taken idl' and wires icunived. 

 Disbudding. Pollination. Temperature. 



In the disliudding or reiuoval of lat- 

 eral erowths, as only the main stem is 



I ('iitlllllllc(l ..II |,;ii;c ti,. I 



