mm 



114 



the 8th of .liminry liwt, lis iiuolcil in ilm momomiitliiin nl' ilu- Piime MiniHtcr ol' the Domiuion ol 



Ciiimilii, lire nni]iiin.viii^' tln' tlrH]mli'ii nf lii.4 MxcrllfMi y ilii> (Idvcniui'-l iciicnil ; wliicli i)iirii;,'ru|ili in in the 

 I'dllowiiiM lirijii-iM,., I,, V,;., •"ilvM tl;,' •:ys|ciil 111' j;iMii'iiv.; titliiii; li'iii-" l,i I'nivi!,'!! vcssrU, iimlcr tin' 

 Ai-'t ;!l N'u'l., I'. ii!,lii' illsi'cintimv ■!, :intl lln'l hi »,•■ jnrl'i ■iH jn,, i;/!! JiAcnm ii In- , !<■■,, iilnl fnnii ji.-<i'iiih/ 

 ■ill the vui/, lA of CniKiilii. 'J'iic WdiiU undciscorrd seem in ('n;itcin)i|iit(' nn iiiUTlfronco with ri^lits 

 !,'unrantcuil b< tin' rniicd St;iifs umliT iln' tivnl Aiiiclc m ilio Trciiiy nl' I8IH, whicli si-cnics in 

 Aiiuiiiiiiu li-ihciiiuni lIk' ii;;lil, nl lis||ill^ in certain walciM wiiirli wrw iinilcMtnntI in U' olmnirtl ui 



pIVSCnt U'' lMlnli;;in« tu (,'ailllilll." 



.Mii. TiinnNro.N to Mu. Fish, Aiiiii. '.'2, l.sTn. 



" I niii fnrwnnlinij n ropy nryniv nnic (n ilic (nncrnor-Cn iiciiii nl' Cannila; lm(, in llio nicftiitinic, 

 I bpf; you will iillnw nii' tn cnI'Iv-h my ciauie linn llml llicii' wiis imt l!u' slij,'lili'st iiitcnlinii, in isKiiin),' 

 the iibov<'-ni.'Mti(>n('(l nrdur, lo aluidf,'!' cilizcns nl' ilic Unitud Sliitch nf any nf tlm ri>;lits tn wliitli 

 tlicy arc entitled liy tiin 'I'lealy of Ocinlier I'd, IHIS, and wliicli are tiieitly neknnwledp'd in the ('nnii- 

 diun Law nf .May 22, l8tJ8, ti coiiy nl' which I liad the iinuniH' in Inrwaiil In you in niy note of llie 

 14th instant " 



Ml!, 'I'lioiiSToN rn Jfii. Fi.Mi, M\\ IT,, 1870, 



" I hnvp the luiiumr tn eiiclnse, fnr llie ililniniatinll nl llie (Invellinielit nf the I'niled stales, eopiilH 

 of letters which hate liei^n aiUlivised hy the .\dniiiidly In Vice-Adiniial Heinle (i. Wellesley, cnni- 

 miiuliiii,' llei' Miijcsly's na\al fnrccs mi the Nnilh Aiucrieaii mid West Indies station, and nf a lelttT 

 I'lniii the ('nlonial iJeiiartiiient tn llu! Kniei;,'!! OH'ice, Irnin wideii ynu will see the nature nf tlio instiuc- 

 tinns to b(! ,L;iveii to Her .Majissty's iiiul the ('aiiudiaii nlllccis, w hn will lie eni|ilnyed in imiililuilliny 

 onler at the tisliel ies Hi the uel^liliniirhned nf tic cnasts nf ( 'aiiadu. ' 



i .1 



" \ 



Mif. lificKKs TO iiii: Si:.i;i:t.\I!Y ok riii: Ahmikaiiv. .\|'i;ii, :!0, ISTi', 



"In ]\Ir. Secretary CaidwvU's l^iier tn the l.nnis Coniniissiniiers nf the Adniiially of the 12th 

 of April, ISlili, it was staled that Aiilerieaii vessels slmnld not lie seized fnr vielatiii;,' the Canadian 

 tisliiiiLT laws, ' e.xeepl after wilful and peiseveriiiu' iieudeel of the warning's which they may havi^ 

 received; and, in ca.M' it should lieenme necessary tn |irnceed to fnrli ilure, ease-, shniild, if possilile, he 

 selected fnr that extreme steji in which the ntl'eiuc has heen cniiiniitted within three miles nf the 

 land,' 



"The Canadian ("Sovprnnient has reconllv deteriiiiiu'd, with the (luieiirreiice nf Her Majesty's 

 Ministers, tn increase the slrin^'eiicy nf the existing' practice of dispeiisiii!,' with the xvariiines hilherco 

 given, and seizin;,' at oiici' any ve-^srl detected in vinlntiii;; the law, 



" In view ol this ehanjje, an<l nf the ipicstions tn which it may f;ivp rise, I nni dlrerted hy Lord 

 Granville to reipiost that you will move their I,nnlships tn in.struct the olticers nf Her Majesty's ships 

 employed in the jirotectinii of the fisheries, that thi-y are iint to seize any ves.sel, unless it is evident 

 and can he clearly proved that the olfence of (ishiiig has Iummi c'>liiniitted, and the vessel itself captured 

 within three miles of land." 



May 14, 1870, the following instructions as to the jurisdiction were given by 

 Mr. Peter Mitchell, Minister of Marine and Fisheries, to the officer in command of 

 the Government vessels engaged in the protection of the Fisheries: — 



"The limits within which you will, if necessary, exercise the [lower In exclude United States' 

 fishermen, or in detain American (Lshiiig vessels nr linats, are fnr the pre,seiil to be exceptional. l)iHi- 

 culties haM' arisen in Inriiicr limes witli respect to the ipiest ion, whether the exelu,sivo limits blinuld 

 be measured on lines draw n jiandlel everywhere to the coast, and describinj,' its sinuosities, or on lines 

 ])roduced tmm lieadhind tn headland acrn.ss the eiitranw.'s of hays, creeks, or harliours. Her Majesty '.s 

 Uovernnient are clearly nf dpinion that, by the ( 'dineiitinii nf ISIS, the I'niled States have ivnouiiced 

 the rinhl of lishin;;, mil icdy within thicit miles nf the Colonial .'■hnres, but within tlirei; miles of a line 

 drawn across the mouth of any liritish bay or creek. It is, however, the wish of Her Majesty's 

 Government neither to cniiccile, nor fnr ilic present to enhacc. any rijihls in this retipect which are in 

 their nature ojieii to any .seri.uis quest inn. Cntil furtlier iiisuuited, theiel'nre, yon will not interfere 

 ■with any American fishermen, unless found within thii'e mi!' s of the slmre, nr within time, milin nf a 

 linr itravn nmtas tin- mutitli uf n Ikiii m- ivnh irjiirli in li:\s limn Icii ijniiiniji/iiciil mila in iviill/i. In the 

 cii.se of any other bay — as I he liay of Chaleiiis, fnr exaniph — you will not admit any I'nited States' 

 tishiim ve.'-sel nr lioat, or any American fishermen, in.iide of a line drawn acrnss at that part cf .-.ijcli 

 bay ivliere its iridlh ilocs imt ijicnl Im iiiiti.i." — .'^e.ssinual I'apeis, No. 12, 1871. 



r ? 



This re-assertion of the headland doctrine did not seem to meet the approval 

 of the Home Government. June 6, 1870, Lord Granville telegraphs to the Gover- 

 nor-General, " Her Majesty's Government hopes that the United States' fishermen 

 will not be for the present prevented from fishing, except within three miles of land, 

 or in bays which are less than six miles broad at the mouth." 



In consequence of this telegram, on June 27, 1870, Mr. Mitchell gives to the 

 commanders of the Government vessels new instructions, as follows : — 



