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tlio T^nitrd States liad boon rcprospntod by able and efficient men, possessin"; all the 

 iihililv and ciiriicstiuss wliicli rould possiljlN lu' oonccivt'd to ho lu'ci'ssarv in order tliiit 

 the case of t.e United States mij;lil l)e presented before this Commission in the best 

 possible lit;lit ; and I heartily believe that there is existinj; between the agents and the 

 counsel enga<ied in the conduct of this most important cause, an unanimous desire and 

 an earnest zeal that justice may be meted out, and that your verdict may be such as will 

 be saiistactory to each Mi>;h ("ontractinj? Power, and have a material and lastinf;: effect 

 in the promotion of peace and harmony between Her Majesty's subjects on the one part, 

 and the citizens of the United States on the other. Reviewing-, liowevcr, the specclios of 

 the leariK d gentlemen to wiiom I have referred, it appears to me tliat there has been a 

 vast di'al of irrelevant matter introduced ; and that tlie real issues involved have been, 

 in a manner, ignored and cast into the shade. Substantially no defence has been otl'ered 

 on behalf of the United States which materially affects the itsue — is there a claim of 

 Great Britain or not? It seems generally admitted that tltere is a right to receive 

 sonietliing, and that the f|uestion for you now to decide is not as to whether any siun is 

 to be awarded to Great Britain, but what is the amount at which her claim shall be 

 assessed. 



1 now propose to discuss briefly the main issues involved, namely, the advantages 

 derived, respectively, by each of the High Contracting Parties imdcr the Treaty of 

 Washington, and the value of those advantages. Tlie arguments whicli I desire to 

 advance in support of the claim of ller Majesty's Government, 1 may here observe, will 

 be confined entirely to that branch of the iiupiiry wliicli has reference to Newfoundland; 

 and I shall limit my i)i)ser\ati()ns to a eonsidi'ration of such facts as have a direct 

 practical Ixariiig on tlie sul)slaniial advantages tor wfiicli compensation is claimed. It 

 has not heen ussigned tome to treat in any manner of the iiisloric or diplomatic features 

 of tlie ease; these sulijeeis. as far as it may a, ipear requisite, will i)e, 1 do not doubt, 

 al)lv and powerfuUy (Icalt with by my learned triends wlio will follow me on the British 

 side. B\ Ariieles XVIII, XIX, XXI, and XXII, it is provided as follows: — 



"Artii'li" XVIII. It is ri;;iri'(l liy tlio IIi','li ("oiitnictiiii: I'artius tliiit. in luldition to tlio filiorty 

 sscfurc'il to till' I'liili'il Slatf-i' lisliiTiiicii liy tin- Coiiveiitidii liolwucn Giviit I'ritaiii aiul the Uiiilcd 

 Stall's, siu'iH'd at Loinlnn cui ilu' lioili liay (if Orlolu'i', 1S18. of takiii!,', curiui.', mid drying' ti.sli (JUciTtain 

 (•■lasts ul' the British Xiiitli Aiiii'rican Culdiiies tiicri'iii dfliiiiMl, thu iiiiialataiits nl' tlu' Uiiitt'd States 

 sliall have, in coiiimDii witli the siiliji'i'ts o'' Hit liiitaiinic Majesty, tlu^ liberty, I'or tfie tenii iif years 

 meiitiniircf ill Artii h' X.KXf If of tliis Treaty, to take tisli ol every kind, exeejit sliell-lish, on tho sea 

 coa.-t- and chores, and in tlie hays, harhmiis, and ereeks of tlie I'rovinee.s of (,)iietie(', N<iva Scotia, and 

 New i'lriinswick, and the (.'oloiiy of I'liiiee Kdwanl Island, and of the sevend islands thereunto adjaeent, 

 without heiiiLT restrieted to any distance from the shore, with iiennission to laml npoii the said eoiwts 

 and sliores uiid islaiuls, and also n]iiiii the .MaL'duleii Islainls, fur the |iur[H),se of diving their nets and 

 curiiiu' liieir tisli ; ]irnvidcd that, in su iluiii',', they do not interfere with ihe ri;_dits uf jirivate ]iro]ierty, 

 or with lirilisli lisheriuoii, in tlie iieaceahle use uf any [lart of the said coasUi iu their oecuiiauey fur llio 

 same piirposf.'. 



■ ti IS nmlorstood that the aliovo-niontionccl liherty aiiplies s(jlely to the .sou fisliery, and tlmt tho 

 saliiinii and shad tishei ies, and all other lishencs in livers and the mouths of rivers, ^:re hereby reserved 

 e.\elusi\ely tor llritisli tishernieii, 



" Ar;. XI.K. It is a;.'ieed liy the TTijih Contnictiiis.' Parties tliat liritish sulijects slmll have, in 

 cuniniun with the eitizi'iis uf the United Stales, the liberty, fur the term uf years nieiitiunt- I in Artielo 

 .\.\XflI uf this Treaty, to take lish of every kind, exce]it shell-tish, on the t'nstern sen luasts and 

 sliures uf the L'nited States iiurtli uf the ii'.ilh ]iarallel uf iiurtli latitude, aii I uu the shures uf the 

 several islands thereiintu adjacent, and in the liays, harliuurs, and creeks of th said .sea coasts and 

 shures ut the I'niti'd Slates, and uf the said islands, withuiit beiiii; restricteil tu ;,';v distance from the 

 shore, with [lermissjun to land ii|iuii the said coast.s uf the United .States and of the islands aforesaid, 

 fur ilie iiiir|i(i.se of diyiii;,' their nets and curing! their lish ; ]iro\ iiTed that, in su iluiiiL.', lliey ilo not 

 inl^'rfeie with the ri^'hls uf ]irivate |iro|ierty, or with the ti-^heriuen uf the United Stales, in the iieaceabiu 

 use uf any part uf the .said euasts in their occn[iancy fur the same fiurjio.se. 



" It is iindcrstoud that the abuve-menliuiied liberty applies suhly to the sea fishery, nnd tliat 

 salmon and shad tishei ies, and all other tisheries iu rivers and luuutlis uf rivers lire hereby resened 

 exclusively fur li.shermen uf the United States. 



"An, X.\I. It is a;,'recd that, for the term uf years mentiuned in Article XXXIII of this 

 Treaty, lisli-oil and lish uf dl kinds (I'xcept lisli uftiie inlaiiil lake-, and uf the rivers fallin,^' iiitu thein, 

 niid excf[it lish pre-erveil in uil), bcin;,' the ]iru(biee uf the hsheiiis uf the United Stales, or of the 

 Iiuiidiiiuii of Canada, or of Prince Edward Island, shall be iidniitted into each country, respectively, 

 free of duty. 



" Alt. .KXII. lna-<nuuh as it is a.ssortod by the Government of Her P.ritannic Majesty, that the 

 privile;.'es aiconlcil to the citizens of the United Staters under Article XVIII of this Treaty are oi 

 greater value than those accorded by Articles XIX and XXf uf this Treaty tu the subjects of Her 

 llritannic Majestv, and this assertion is nut admilleil tiy the (iuvernnicnt iti the United States, it is 

 further a'.'i'eed that ( 'uniniissiuners shall !«■ ii|i|iiiiiiled lu dclermiiie, haviii;,' re;,'ard tu the privih'f,'es 

 iiccorded iiy the United Stale- tu the siilij(..cis uf Ilei Ijiilannic Majesty, as ,stated ill Articles XIX and 

 2kXl ui this Treaty, iLu umuuul ol any uumiHimuliuu wlueh, m lUeir opiuioii, oughl lu Ijc paid by the 



