3B5 



Well, 1 will take his view ot' tliut miUtur, anil let us see what follows. He in effect 

 says, just i)ut one tcrritoiy niniinst another and t.iike their viiliio — how many aoies are 

 therein tlie State ol' Maine, and how many in the I'rovinee of Manitob:i ? Now we 

 have evideiiee of what the eonee-.^ion is under this Treaty to the fishermen of the 

 Dominion. Tiiey uet the rifrht to fish as far north as they please over a line drawn from 

 the 'A[)t\\ parallel of north latitude upon the Ameriean coast, a distance, I thinU of some- 

 whore ahout l,OoO miles. As against that, the United States fishermen get upon the 

 British Ameriean eoa.><t the riijht to fish over an extent of some .'5,700 odd miles. There 

 is a clear halanee entirely aiiainst them. Or, if you choo.sc to take the area in square 

 miles you have nearly 3,.")0l) scpiare miles of fishini,' territory L!;iven to us by the United 

 States, while 11.000 si|uare miles of Uritish territorial waters are K'ven to them. lam 

 (liiite willing; to meet (hem upon their own ground, to oppose them with their own weapons. 

 Ill that view there is just the diti'eience in our favour, between :l,.'")00 square miles and 

 11,900. 



Now, i will pass on to another branch of our claim lor compensation. Great Britain 

 .says, and we havi' proved that, along the line of Canadian coast upon which the American 

 fishermen i)ly their calling by virtue of this Treaty, there have been very costly harbours 

 made, and there have been numerous large ami expensive lighthouses erected. Great 

 Btitain says that by means of these harbours and liglitliouses the fishermen of the United 

 Stales have been enabled more successfully to ])rosecute their calling in territorial waters. 

 That would strike you, 1 think, as being oliviously tlie case. These improvements render 

 the privilege conceded by us much more valual)U^ than it otherwise would have been. 

 Suppose the coast to have been entirely unlighted, and the harbours to have been unsafe 

 and (iillieult of access, it might then well have been said that tlu; privilege was merely a 

 nominal one ; that no fisherman could ply his vocation in (.'auadian territorial waters 

 without danger to life and ])roperty. The evidence as to tlie cost of these works is before 

 yon, and 1 do not intend to go into it. 1 am only alluding to it because I am following 

 the course of .Mr. Trescot's address. Does it not strike you as reasonable that the efl^ect 

 oi' these expenditures upon the .American fishing business should be taken into considera- 

 tion? Not (uilv i-^ tiiere greater safety and more certainty of sueco.iial catches, but money 

 is tlierchy actui'.hy jjiit into tlie pockets of Iheir merchants in the shajie of premiums of 

 insurance saved. If it bo true that they jiay 1 per cent, a inoiilU lur a llshing vessel in the 

 15ay, — and some of the \vitiiess(.'s say that is the rate. — what would they pay if there were 

 no such lighthouses to i^uide their vessels to a place of safety, iv> such harbours to shelter 

 them from storms. When Mr. Trescot made his flourish on the subject, he asked if we 

 had no trade that recjuired these lighthouses. I am afraid to trust my memory to quote the 

 very words he used, tor his language startled me a little. I read his remarks as follows : — 



■• .\iiil imv.. willi 1'i'l;;iiiI in iliis iiaustinii (if rdiiscniifuce.-*, lliciv is but one (illicr illii.stratiou to 

 wliirli 1 Mill r>ti'V, ami 1 will lie ilmir. I find at tlir clnsi' (if the i'lilisli ti'stinmny, an olabnrate 

 (ixliiliit (if MSii Hulas, fn(,'-wliistlos, iiuil liiniiaiic ('.■fUiMisliaiciits, used liy riiitcil Stilt cs' tislieniuMi on 

 tlw (iiast iif till' llniiiiiiinii, L'siiuiiiti'il to liaviM'ost in erection, fi'nin the Sinuhro Mi;litlionse, liuilt in 

 ITaS, to the ]ii\senl day, llol'.tlW doUur.-*, and for annaiil niuiatenanee, :Ji>S,r,l7 dollars. I .sciirc(;lv 

 know wliellier to eonsider Ihi-. seiii...-, ■. 'i.u tlu'iv it i-i. and there it lias lieeii jilae'ed. eitlun' as the 

 for a I'laim, or to ]ii.i.lii'e an elVeet. .\ow, if this Doiniiiion has no eommuivo ; if no .shijis bear 

 pvecions fveij^hl apoa the danueious waters of the (iiilf, or hazard vabudile cargoe.-^ in tin; siriiits 

 wliieh connt'el it with tlie oeean ; if iiotraltie traverses the Imiierial river wliieh coiniocts the Atlantic 

 willi the the ;^ieat lake-i ; if ibis fabulous tislievy, of whieh we have heard so laneh, is carried on only 

 in boats so small, that they dare not venture oat of si^lit of hind, and the tisherineii need no other 

 guide and ))iot()etiiig li.ijht than the li.ulit streainin;,' from their own cabin windows on slaa'o ; if, in 

 short, this iloiiiinion, as it is )iioudly I'lilled. owes iiotliiii;.^ to the |ii'otection of its (^oniinerco and the 

 safety of its seamen; if these humane (•slablishmouti an' not the frci' iiistitutioas of a wi.se and 

 provident ^nveriimeiil, but eharilnbh' inslitatiuns lo bi' suiiiiorted by the .aibicrililionsof those who use 

 llioiii — tlion the Liiiverninent of the Dominion can collerl its 2nu.U(l(» doll.irs by levying; li>;ht dues upon 

 every vessel which seek;- shelter in its harbours, or brings wcaltli into its ports. Ihit if, in the present 

 a;,4e of civilization, when a coinnuin humanity is bindiii'.; the nations of the v.cirld together every day by 

 iimtaal interi sis, mutual cares, and iirivile:,'es eipially shared, tla' Dominion reiiciils her liyht dues in 

 olii>dience to the eonii.iou feeliiii; of the whole world, with what justice can that ,i,'ove;'nment ask you, 

 by a forced coiistiuction of thi.s Treaty, to re-iinpo.se t!ii,-i duty, in its most exoibilant projiortions and 

 its most odious form, upon us itud ap')ii us aliuie," 



Now, ;i more extraordinary arguiiKiit lliaii that 1 iia\e never heard used. Your 

 E.veellency and your Honours are here to \aliu' the difi'erenec between the concessions made 

 bv the United States lo tircat Britain on the one hind, and tlv.ise inatie hy Great Britain to 

 the United States on the other. We content! that the tisiicrii.--, of the United States are 

 useless, nt/t because there are no lighthousi's on their sli;.!!. 



our fisliint;; vessels could 

 [•JbUj 



lind shelter in time of iieid. 1 



iuid no harbours in which 

 ju: \vi ba\ their fishiiii;- .y;rouuds 



