436 



fish were largely ilue to an increased foreign trade, and it is contended that F!er Majesty's 

 subjects gained no substantial necuniary advantage from supplying those foreign markets by 

 indirect rather tlian direct trade. On tiie other hand, the tendency of this class of trade 

 is to throw the foreign carrying trade, hitiierto conducted by subjects of Her Majesty, mere 

 and moi , into the hand': of the shipowners and brokers of the United States. 



A close examination of Canadian exports confirms this view. Of the entire exports 

 those to the United States and to other foreign countries compare as follows : — 



If any furtlicr reasoning is required in support of this very evident contention, the 

 following extract from page !^2^ of the " United States' Census Report for 1860 " may be 

 useful : — 



"By the Wareyimising Act of 1846, foreij^n fish were allowed to be irapnrteil and entered in bond, 

 and thence exjinrtc illiout pajnnent of duty; but under the Keciprouity Act, Colonial fisli are 

 iulmitted free of dut . Tliese Acts have caused our piiucipal lish distributinj; cities, sueli as Boston, 

 New York, and I'hiladclpliia, to become ex;)yrters of large quantities of foreign iish." 



Although, therefore, the export trade of Canada has progressively increased from year 

 to year, it is plain that the removal of fiscal obstructions on the part of the United States 

 has had the effect more or less of turning a certain proportion of our foreign trade, with 

 other foreign countries, into American channels. In other words, a larger proportion of 

 the West Indian and South American fish trade of Canada has been done through United 

 States' merchants, whenever tariff restrictions have been removed. 



Now, the able Counsel and Agent of the United States has chosen as the basis upon 

 which to determine the question of remissions of duty, the year 1874. 



It is contended that it would be manilcistly unfair to take as a basis upon which to 

 estimate such remissions, those years during which it is alleged the exportations from 

 Canada to the United States have {mainly in consequence of such remissions) considerably 

 increased. 



The United States import from Canada and Prince Edward Island of fish and fish- 

 oil from 1867 to 1873, during which period duties were imposed upon such importations, 

 were as follows : — 



1867 

 1868 

 1869 

 1870 

 1871 

 1872 

 1873 



Dollars. 

 1,108,779 

 1,103.859 

 i,2J»,805 

 1,129,665 

 1,087,341 

 933.041 

 1,393,389 



The average annual value of the above-mentioned importation was 1,137,840 dollars, 

 and the largest in any one year, 1,393,389 dollars, in 1873. 



The commerce and navigation returns of the United States give the importation from 

 Canada in that year at 1,400,562; or, including Newfoundland, at 1,685,489 dollars, as 

 follows : — 



\ 



