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January 8, 1920. 



The Florists^ Review 



23 



KEEPING OVER WINTER. 



Can we keep the ordinary carnations, 

 such as we grow in our greenhouses, 

 over winter in the field if they are cov- 

 ered? K. & S.— Wis. 



You would probably meet with poor 

 success in trying to keep this strain of 

 carnations over winter in the open field 

 in your latitude. We have frequently 

 seen plants come through a mild winter, 

 but most of our winters are severe 

 enough to kill them. Your winters are 

 undoubtedly more rigorous than ours. 

 To cover the plants would cause them 

 to rot and merely to cover the ground 

 between the rows would be insufficient 

 protection. A. T. J. B. 



CARNATION YELLOWS. 



I am sending a leaf of my carnations. 

 They are starting to have a few spot- 

 ted leaves. At first the spots are pale 

 yellow; then they turn to a light brown. 

 I have only sprayed them with Nico- 

 fume. Please let me know what is 

 wrong with thera and how to prevent 

 the spots. Will they kill the plants? 



D, H.— Neb. 



These light spots on the leaves of 

 your carnations are most likely not 

 caused by any fault of yours. They are 

 caused by what is known as carnation 

 yellows. Unless the spots are numerous 

 enough to cause the leaves to turn 

 brown and die, there is no need for alarm. 

 Avoid these plants when selecting your 

 cuttings and you will eliminate it from 

 your stock. Some of the older varieties 

 are seriously affected with it and in 

 such cases it is impossible to get cut- 

 tings that will be entirely free from it. 

 Nevertheless, it pays to select the cut- 

 tings even of those varieties. Spraying 

 will do no good, but moderate culture 

 will help a great deal. Do not water 

 excessively and do not feed too much 

 nitrogen. 'Both of these have a tend- 

 ency to soften the growth. Ventilate 

 on all favorable occasions and run an 

 even temperature at night. You will 

 notice these light spots most during the 

 winter. They gradually disappear as 

 the sun gets stronger in the spring. 



A. F. J. B. 



TORONTO, ONT. 



The Market. 



Toronto florists generally had a wel- 

 come surprise when they counted up the 

 Christmas returns. Probably never in 

 the history of the trade in this city has 

 such a large business been done. The 

 advance orders were greater tivan ever 

 and the trade was led to expect at least 

 as great a business as in the previous 

 year. The usual increased staff was in- 

 adequate, however, to take care of the 

 customers. Deliveries were made as 

 late as 3 o'clock Christmas afternoon by 

 some florists. 



Unfortunately, the weather was ex- 

 tremely cold and the first plants, 

 wrapped without sufficient covering, 

 were in some cases reported nipped 

 with the frost. The people were good- 

 natured about it and there were no 

 serious complaints when promised re- 

 newals were made. 



The growers had a tremendous cut of 

 roses. They hit it just right. This was 

 fortunate for the retailers, who would 

 otherwise have been unable to meet the 

 demand. 



Various Notes. 



Arrangements are under way for the 

 annual convention of the Canadian Hor- 

 ticultural Association, to be held in 

 Hamilton in August. W. E. Groves, of 

 Hamilton, has been appointed chairman 

 of the convention committee, with J. E. 

 O 'Sullivan as secretary and Major John 

 Connon as treasurer. Several subcom- 

 mittees have been appointed and it 

 looks as if Hamilton was out to have 

 the best convention in the history of 

 the C. H. A. 



H. G. Dillemuth, president of the To- 

 ronto Eetail Florists' Club, reports that 

 most of the florists in Toronto had a rec- 

 ord Christmas trade. Harry James, the 



secretary, stated that in spite of high 

 prices there was a good trade. Florists 

 had no trouble in getting rid of the 

 lower-priced plants and cut flowers, but 

 the others went much more slowly. 



J. J. Higgins is moving into larger 

 quarters at 273 Yonge street. The 

 former store has proved too small and 

 the move is to secure a larger salesroom 

 and workshop. 



The Alhambra Florist has opened up 

 in the Alhambra theater, Bloor street, 

 west. 



There were many beautiful window 

 displays during the Christmas week. 

 Now that stock is much scarcer, there 

 is a distinct difference. All florists are 

 busy for this time of the year and are 

 disposing of all the stock they can get. 

 The flowers available at the present time 

 are carnations, roses. Paper Whites and 

 tulips. Violets are now a little more 

 plentiful. 



The Eetail Florists' Club will hold 

 an oyster supper January 12. There 

 will be a short business meeting and, 

 after supper, cards and dancing. The 

 club has a new piano and there will be 

 lots of music. 



The Gardeners' and Florists' Associa- 

 tion will meet in St. George 's hall Janu- 

 ary 20, when the members will be ad- 

 dressed by Prof. J. W. Crow, of the 

 Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph. 



The weather continues cold and it has 

 an adverse effect on the trade, which 

 would no doubt be better were we enjoy- 

 ing warmer weather. At Christmas it 

 turned cold and it was necessary to dou- 

 ble-wrap the flowers for delivery. This 

 made a lot of extra work. J. J. H. 



STREAK DISEASE ON PEAS. 



I am sending you some sweet pea 

 plants. What is the trouble with them? 

 Is there any remedy for it? 



E. P. H.— Pa. 



The streak disease may be spread by 

 other agencies, but in my experience it 

 has never failed to follow an outbreak 

 of fly. G. J. B. 



The leaves of the plants show plainly 

 the effect of what is commonly known 

 as streak disease, for which there is no 

 remedy. The flowers develop an irregu- 

 lar color effect and the plant gradually 

 succumbs to the effect of a poison in- 

 troduced by the arch enemy of sweet 

 j)eas, green fly. In the early stages of 

 its growth, the plant should be care- 

 fully sprayed with some form of nico- 

 tine extract every ten days or two 

 weeks during August and September. 

 Do not depend on fumigating, as the 

 fumes ordinarily do not get close 

 enough to the ground to do the work 

 thoroughly. After the plants are up a 

 foot or more, they do not seem to be so 

 easily inoculated with this streak dis- 

 ease; but keep down the fly. 



I have never seen an early-started 

 lot of plants entirely free from this dis- 

 ease, due to the difficulty of keeping 

 down fly in hot weather. 



ROOT-ROT OF SWEET PEAS. 



In The Eeview of December 25 there 

 was a query which was signed "W. C. 

 H. — Pa." and which told of some sweet 

 peas dying at the roots, also shriveling 

 up and turning brown where the stalk 

 comes through the ground. 



I have experienced the same trouble 

 to such an extent that I was a heavy 

 loser. Knowing that I could not afford 

 this, I had an analysis of my soil made 

 and found that the trouble was that the 

 soil was infested with a fungus, Thiel- 

 avia basicola. This disease will persist 

 for an indefinite period unless stringent 

 methods are used for its eradication. 

 This can only be accomplished through 

 soil sterilization by either steam or a 

 formalin drench. A pamphlet describ- 

 ing soil sterilization is published by the 

 Department of Agriculture and can be 

 had on request. 



Frank W. Schumann. 



