28 



The Florists' Review 



Max 19, 1021 



A NEW PEENETIANA. 



Looking through the nursery of 

 Howard & Smith recently, a beauti- 

 ful clear yellow rose was seen, so dis- 

 tinct from anything else that investi- 

 gation had to be made. This is one of 

 the new roses of the famous French 

 grower, Mr. Pernet, and also one of 

 many secured by Fred Howard when 

 he was in Europe. Souvenir de Claudius 

 Pernet is named in memory of one of 

 Mr. Pernet 's sons, who was killed in the 

 war, and another has been named 

 Souvenir de Georges Pernet, in honor 

 of his other son, who also lost his life 

 there. The rose in question had only 

 been planted in the nursery about three 

 months and there were several hundred 

 flowers open. They were of a delight- 

 ful clear yellow, with no sign of bronze 

 pink or other shade that spoils so many 

 yellow roses. It is purely as a garden 

 rose that this will become famous, as 

 none of the Pernetiana types, or but 

 few, are good for forcing, but it is a 

 most beautiful thing and cannot fail 

 to appeal to all rose lovers. It is of a 

 perfect habit of growth — dwarf, yet 

 strong and exceptionally free-flowering. 

 The bud is shapely, with plenty of 

 petalage, and when .fully open is de- 

 lightful. The foliage is bright green, 

 glossy and of the type that does not 

 mildew. It is altogether worthy of the 

 honored name it bears. H. R. R. 



WHITE FLY ON ROSES. 



At this season of the year in this 

 northern country our rose plants are 

 infested with white fly and, although 

 we have tried every remedy we know 

 of, we cannot keep the plants free of 

 this pest. Can you suggest a suitable 

 remedy? P. N. C— Can. 



As a rule white fly, while it attacks 

 tomatoes, cucumbers, show pelargo- 

 niums, heliotropes, verbenas, fuchsias, 

 calceolarias, petunias, cinerarias and a 

 number of other plants, mostly soft- 

 wooded, does not trouble roses or mem- 

 l)ers of the natural order rosacea*. 

 White fly is a troublesome and often a 

 harmful pest. Its damages can be al- 

 leviated consideral)ly by spraying with 

 a soap spray to which a little nicotine 

 sulphate has been added. All flies hit 

 with this and other similar soapy solu- 

 tions will be killed. The great trouble 

 is that the white fly is a restless 

 creature and declines to stay still to be 

 hit with contact sprays, in which re- 



and there will be little or ho harm done 

 to roses or any other plants. C. W. 



CAUSES OF STEM-BOT. 



My seedlings of asters and eggplants 

 are apparently in good shape at night, 

 but the next day there are spots all 

 over them. The plants all fall over and 

 the stems are dead close to the ground. 



M. W.— Ala. 



spect it differs from the common black 

 and green aphis. 



There is only one real cure for white 

 fly; that is hydrocyanic acid gas. The 

 formula for this has appeared in The 

 Review. It is a dangerous and deadly 

 gas and must be used with extreme 

 i-are. Many growers now rely on it 

 altogether for keeping down insect 

 pests. It will sometimes damage certain 

 plants, and probabilities of injury in- 

 crease with higher temperatures. A fu- 

 migation at this season may take some of 

 the color out of your roses and, if the 

 weather is hot, a few ends may be 

 scorched, but it will kill the fly with- 

 out any question. A second weak ap- 

 plication may be needed to kill off any 

 flies from unhatched eggs. Give a short 

 exposure, say thirty minutes. Then 

 open the ventilators from outdoors. 

 Spray your plants over before the sun 

 hits them in the morning and air freely, 



The seedlings of asters and eggplants 

 have evidently damped off from some 

 cause. It is likely that the soil into 

 which they were transplanted was too 

 rich. It is well known that seedlings 

 do particularly well in a light and 

 moderately rich soil, in which the ma- 

 nure is old and well decomposed, but if 

 the manure used is rather new or if 

 chemical fertilizer of some kind has 

 been added to the soil and perhaps not 

 mixed properly, the seedlings are likely 

 to be affected as yours were and will 

 damp off badly. The addition of plant 

 food "to give the seedlings a good 

 start" is excellent, but only well rotted 

 manure, well pulverized, should be used. 

 Another possible cause of stem-rot is 

 allowing seedlings to become crowded 

 in the flats or seed beds and then, to 

 make them stand erect, most of the 

 stem must be buried. Do not sow seeds 

 thickly, or, if you do, be sure to trans- 

 plant while quite small and before they 

 become drawn and spindling. Where 

 the stem-rot starts in the seed bed, it 

 is u^ally due to having the seedlings 

 crowded and applying water at too 

 much pressure. C. W. 



CONTBOLLIKG MUM MIDGE. 



The chrysanthemum midge, Diar- 

 thronomyia hypogsea, has become 

 widely distributed in the United 

 States and Canada. It is considered to 

 be of European origin. The adult in- 

 sect, a small 2-winged fly, or midge, 

 with a body mostly of an orange color, 

 lays its eggs among the leaf hairs, par- 

 ticularly those near the young, forming 

 leaves. A single female is known to de- 

 posit as many as 150 eggs. They are 

 deposited in irregular masses or in 

 strings. It has been observed that the 

 length of the egg stage varies from 

 three to sixteen daj's. The maggot soon 

 after hatching enters the tissue, causing 

 an irritation which results in the for- 

 mation of a swelling or gall, inside of 

 which it develops both as a larva and a 

 pupa. In due time the small fly 

 emerges. The gall when fully formed 

 is a conspicuous oval-shaped swelling, 

 in length about one-twelfth of an inch. 

 It is often slightly ]ialer than the color 

 of the leaf or stem upon which it occurs 

 and is thus easily seen. When the flies 

 have emerged the galls are readily seon, 

 particularly on the older leaves, owing 

 to these having turned yellowish or 

 whitish in color. 



From observations at the govern- 

 ment greenhouses at Ottawa, Ont., 

 .\rthur Gibson, in charge of insect in- 



vestigations there, says apparently all 

 greenhouse chrysanthemums are sub- 

 ject to attack, although certain varie- 

 ties have been observed to be more 

 heavily infested than others. At those 

 greenhouses the midge was jh-actically 

 controlled by adopting the following 

 procedure: The greenhouse was fumi- 

 gated during the winter with hydro- 

 cyanic acid gas about once every month. 

 Such fumigation destroyed the adults. 

 The house was also fumigated with 

 tobacco. The cuttings from the stools 

 were dipped before potting, in early 

 December, in nicotine solution in the 

 strength of three-fourths of an ounce 

 to one gallon of water; the plants were 

 (lipped a second time when repotted 

 from 2'/^-inch pots to 4-inch pots, and 

 a third time when transferred from 4- 

 inch pots to 6-inch pots. During July 

 and August the chrysanthemums were 

 sprayed with nicotine, in the same 

 strength, every three weeks. Later for 

 a period of about six weeks the house 

 was fumigated with tobacco once every 

 ten days. 



In a case of severe infestation it 

 may be necessary to fumigate every 

 night either with nicotine or hydro- 

 cyanic acid gas for a period of at least 

 six weeks. Such fumigation should 

 take place after midnight, owing to the 

 fact that the adults do not emerge un- 

 til about that time. 



