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440 REVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. [PAUT I. 



Black of loral space without any lightening above 

 it. Krontal black band well marked. Inner 

 weba of secondarieB (except innermost) pure 

 white to shaft, except along rather more than 

 terminal half, where the shaft is bordered t 



by black. Axillars whitish. Tail feathers 

 black to base, except the loose fibres, which 

 are grayish. Bill from nostril, .(JO. Under j 



parts without waved lines. White patch on 

 wing reaching nearly opposite to end of 1st 

 primary. Tarsus about equal to the gape . elegans 

 '*.'-'■ Above light ash color. Upper tail coverts and forehead - ;' 

 ^" • much lighter than the back, the former sometimes ' 



almost white. Sides and breast generally nearly 



) 'i ' pure white. 



'i'i- •• Black of loral space with conspicuous hoary 



-■ ' margin above it. Inner web of secondaries '■ ..< ..; 



much as in C. /u(/oi'(c(n>iM«. Axillars whit- . Iw 



. ' ish. Tail feathers with concealed white '" !a 



patch at bases of all the /eathers. Bill from ~ jr 



• nostril, about .50. No waved lines beneath. -^ 



White patch on wing reaching nearly oppo- r.f 



site to end of 1st primary. Tarsus longer 



than the gape excubitoroide», 



Collurio 1>orealis. . 



Lanius borealis, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. 1, 1807, 90, pi. 1. — Sw. F. B. A. 

 II, 1831, 111.— A0D. Syn. 1839, 157.— Ib. Birds Am. IV, 1842, 180, 

 pi. 236.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. So. 1857, 212.— Max. Cab. Jopr. VI, 

 1858, 190 (Upper Missouri).- Jones, Nat. Bermuda, 1857, 51 (Ber- 

 muda). — Collyrio borealis, Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 324. — Cooi-er 

 & SucKLEY, P. R. Rep. Xll, II, 1860, 188 (Washington Territory). 



Lanius excubitor, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, 382 (not of Linnaeus). 

 -Wilson, I, 1808, 74, pi. v, fig. 1. 



Lanius septentrional is, BoN. Syn. 1828, 72 (not of Gmklin, which cannot 

 be identified as an American species), — Ib. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 

 ' ' 1853, 294.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 213.— Murray, Ed. New 



Phil. Jour. XI, 1859, 223 (H. B. T.). 



Hab. Whole of America north of United States ; in winter south to Wash- 

 ington, St. Louis, Prescotl (Ariz.), and north California. 



(No. 19,545, % , in fall spring plumage.) Fourth quill longest ; 3d and 5th 

 little shorter ; 2d shorter than 6th ; exposed portion of 1st not quite half that 

 of longest. 



Whole upper parts pure clear light ash ; beneath (including axillars) p^re 

 while, the breast and upper part of belly waved transversely with olisolete 

 narrow dusky lines (about .15 of an inch apart) ; each feather having two 

 or three, which are curved, convex, and th6 terminal one some distance from 

 the tip. Bristly feathers covering the nostrils and the feathers along the 



