APPEARANCE OF VERTEBRATE ANIMALS, ,29 



Newberry has well remarked tl.at while in the Devonian the 



Ganmds and D.pnoi were the real tyrants of the sea a"„eU 



t: sl'^U:^•,;" ''^^-^-'-f-"-' '-y alread di^ii ' 

 m sue though still abundant as to numbers, and are mere 

 limned to estuaries and fresh waters. Thus their depar ure 

 from power had already begun, and went on un.U in n'oder^ 

 imes the proportion of Ganoids to ordinary fishes is according 

 .0 Gun.her nine out of 9,000. The Ca boniferol inde d^ 

 very specially abounds in small Ganoids, though therlVe mant 

 large and formidable species. One of these 'smaller specfen 



™r™ra./' ''""■°'=- *. f. ''. Sculpture of scales 



magnified. 



scales, 



verv beautiful little fish, of fresh-water ponds and streams in 



naturif V'"" "'^'^ Carboniferous age, is represented of t 



natural size m Fi? itfi onri ;o «^* . 



f J , ^* ' ^"^ ^s "ot a restoration beina 



tt'tuTS Oft Ktiir ^™<^ '-"^ ''- "-' <^^"-^ 



The Sharks in the Carboniferous increase in number and 

 .mportance. Fig. rx, shows a few examples of thet teeth 

 and spines. In the Carboniferous, however, there is a Sat 



