THE REIGN OF MAMMALS. 



211 



Newberry, and which have yielded so many animal remains to 

 the researches of Leidy, Marsh, and Cope. 



The typical deposits of the Early Eocene have long been 

 those of the Basin of Paris, where thick and highly fossiliferous 

 deposits of this age rest on the more or less denuded surface 

 of the Upper Chalk, and have afforded a rich harvest of re- 

 mains of about fifty species of placental quadrupeds, whose 

 bones have been found in the gypsum quarries of Montmartre. 

 The great majority belong to the Ungulates, or hoofed animals, 

 and the most abundant genera are those called by Cuvier 



Fig. 170.— Restoration of Palceotherium magnum. Eocene.— After Cuvier and Owen 



PalcBotherium (Fig. 170) and Anoplothenum, of which there 

 are several species, and which have affinities with the modern 

 Tapirs on the one hand, and with the Horse on the other. Of 

 the Unguiculate or clawed orders there are carnivorous forms 

 allied to the Hyaena and the Fox, a Bat and a Squirrel ; and the 

 Marsupials are represented by an Opossum. Lyell describes a 

 bed of clay associated with the gypsum, in which are numerous 

 footprints, probably produced on the margin of a lake. Many 

 of these might be referred to the Palaeothere and its allies ; 



p 2 



