244 



THE CHAIN OF LIFE. 



elsewhere named Palseocosmic men, as a term less objection- 

 able than those founded on implements not confined to any 

 age, or animals which may have long antedated man. 



They were succeeded in Western Europe by a smaller and 

 less elevated race, identical apparently with the modem Lapps 

 and Basques, and in whose time the mammoth and many large 



Fig. 189. — Outlines of Ihree Prehistoric European Skulls compared with an American 



Skull from Hochelaga. 



Outer outline. Cro-Magnon Skull. Second outline, Engis Skull. Third outline (dotted), 

 Neanderthal Skull. Inner figure, Hochelagan Skull on a smaller scale. 





animals had disappeared, Europe had become clad with dense 

 forests, and the reindeer had extended his range far to the 

 south, while the land of our continents had become narrowed 

 to its present limits, or even less. The cause of these changes 

 must have been physical, and to some extent cataclysmal ; and 

 its wide-spread and effectual character is shown by the fact 



