PRINCIPLES, CANONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 



59 



Remarks. — "In Latinizing Greek words there are certain rules of or- 

 tliograpliy known to classical scholars which must never be departed from. 

 For instance, tliC names which modern authors have written Aiptinemia, 

 Zcnophasia, poiocephala, must, according to the laws of etymology, be spelt 

 /Epycnemia, Xcnophasia, znd pceoccphala. In Latinizing modern words the 

 rules of classic usage do not apply, and all that we can do is to give to such 

 terms as classical an appearance as we can, consistently with the preserva- 

 tion of their etymology. In the case of European words whose orthography 

 is fixed, it is best to retain the original form, even tliough it may include 

 letters and combinations unknown in Latin. Such words, for instance, as 

 Woodivardi^ Ktiv^hti, Bullocki, Eschs:holtai, would be quite unintelligible 

 if they were Latinized into Vudviirdi, Cnichfi, Bidlocci, Essoizi, etc. But 

 words of barliarous origin, having no fixed orthography, are more pliable, 

 and hence, when adopted into the Latin, they sliould be rendered as classical 

 in ai :)earance as is consistent with the preservation of their original sound. 

 Tiius the words Tockus^ aiosure", argoonda/t, kiiiidoo, etc., should, when 

 Latinized, hive been written Tocctis, ausure, argunda, aindu^ etc. Such 

 words ought, in all practicable cases, to have a Latin termination given 

 them, especially if they are used generically." {B. A. Code.) 



Recommendation II. In Latinizing personal names only 

 the termination should be changed, except as in cases provided 

 for under Recommendation IV. 



Remarks. — "In Latinizing proper names, the simplest rule appears to 

 be to use the termination -us, genitive -/, when the name ends with a conso" 

 nant : . . . , and -ius, gen. -//', when it ends with a vowel, as Latreiile, 

 Latreillii, ^K.c.'''' (5. A. Code.) Since proper names for species, however, 

 are used mainly — and we recommend that they be so used exclusively — in 

 the possessive case, a still simpler and now generally adopted rule is to add 

 an i to the name; as, Latrcilu\ Latreillci; Hale. Halei; Baird, Balrdi ; 

 but euphony may in some instancco require the fuller form, and here — as 

 in many other instances — is a case where an autlior has the opportunity of 

 displaying his good taste. It sliould be understood that this rule does not 

 apply to names which are already Latin or Latinized in the nominative case. 

 Tiius I.innccns should become Linncri ; Cignccus, Cygncei ; Gmuien/s, 

 Cunncri ; Xaihiisius., Xaihusii ; Nicolaus, Nicolai j — not Linnceusi, 

 Cygnausi, Gunneritsi, Nathtisiusi, Nicolaiisi. The same principle may also 

 he safely followed in cases where the form of the name is perfectly Latin, 

 tliou:^h there may be some doubt whether it originally was Latinized or not; 

 as, Daldaini from Bafdaimts, Blasii from Blasins ; not Baldamusi, Blasiusi. 

 If the name were Blase, the genitive would be Biasei, as distinctive from 

 Blasii. Tin's recommendation of applying the regular Latin genitive when- 

 ever possible without obscuring the name, is particularly to be observed in 



