52 H. J. T. BIJLMER 



it is best to begin with the Papuans themselves whom I was able to examine 

 in the southwest part of New Guinea. I tested 500 persons, which number 

 has sufficient typifying strength as this region is very thinly populated. I 

 was surprised to find there a bloodgroup formula of nearly European type : 

 37.6 per cent ± 1.44, A 44.4 per cent ± 1.48, B 13.2 per cent ±1. AB 

 4.8 per cent ± 0.64; BRI = 2.7 and following Bernstein's interpretation 

 p = 0.29, q = 0.10, r = 0.61. Now there is morphologically and even 

 psychologically much more in the Papuans that reminds us of the Whites 

 than that reminds us of the Mongols. Nevertheless I have to record two 

 other investigations of racially pure Papuans of other parts of New Guinea 

 that resulted in quite another formula and so things will not go so easy as 

 seemed at first sight. Dr. Kalthofen found for 1000 Papuans of the 

 south coast: O 56.2 per cent, A 22.2 per cent, B 17.1 per cent, AB 4.5 per 

 cent and Dr. Bos found for the Schouten Islands, which are inhabited by 

 nearly the same sort of Papuans as the southwest coast: O 63.7 per cent, 

 A 17 per cent, B 17 per cent, AB 2.3 per cent (1300 individuals). So the 

 O group grew in both cases very high and A lowered to the slightly in- 

 creased value of B. A very astonishing divergence indeed. 



Taking to the isle of Ceram there has been found something of the same 

 kind. I got for the Aloene-tribe an A majority and for the Wemale-tribe 

 not only no leading A but on the contrary a small B predominance, more- 

 over an exceedingly high zero. Now those two tribes are really of different 

 descent, but not at all of different race. They are on the contrary closely 

 allied. However the figures show a really enormous difference, as may be 

 seen here : 



765 Aloene <j> 34% ±1 . 13; A 42% ±1 . 19; B 17% ±0. 89; AB 7% ±0. 62; p = 



0.285; q = 0.13; r = 0.585; BRI = 2.04 

 281 Wemale <f> 68% ±1.85; A 10% ±1. 19; B 21% ±1.62; AB 1% ±0.4; p = 



0.055; q = 0.12;r = 0.825; BRI = 0.50 



I succeeded in establishing once more a similar divergence in Halmaheira, 

 another of the larger islands in the Moluccas. Two villages, situated at a 

 distance of two or three hours from each other, provided formulae, wherein 

 for one the A was 3 times B (for 200 individuals respectively 33.5 per cent 

 and 11.5 per cent) and for the other the B was 4 times A (for 300 individuals 

 respectively 27 and 7 per cent) and O groups of respectively 54 per cent and 

 67 per cent. In this case the B-village had been subject to more intrusion 

 from abroad than the A village, but there could be no question about any 

 significant difference in race. 



So the investigations in the three islands New Guinea, Ceram and Halma- 



